California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Dwight A. Staten v. Calderon, F058400, Super. Ct. No. CV255031 (Cal. App. 2011):
Appellate courts apply an abuse of discretion standard of review to a trial court's denial of a motion to compel discovery. (Mills v. U.S. Bank (2008) 166 Cal.App.4th 871, 891.)
A general principle of appellate practice is that an "'order of the lower court is presumed correct.'" (Denham v. Superior Court (1970) 2 Cal.3d 557, 564.) Under this principle, an appellant must affirmatively show an error occurred. (Ibid.)
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