What is the standard of proof in a civil contempt action?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Powers, 629 F.2d 619 (9th Cir. 1980):
6 The standards of proof are also affected. In a civil contempt action the proof of the defendants' contempt must be clear and convincing, a higher standard than the preponderance of the evidence standard in most civil cases, but less than the beyond the reasonable doubt standard of criminal contempt proceedings. See United States v. Rizzo, 539 F.2d 458 (5th Cir. 1976). The level of proof is not at issue, however, in the instant case.
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