What is the legal test for bringing a civil action against an individual acting in his official capacity?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Chuidian v. Philippine Nat. Bank, 912 F.2d 1095 (9th Cir. 1990):

It is generally recognized that a suit against an individual acting in his official capacity is the practical equivalent of a suit against the sovereign directly. Monell v.

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