What is the legal basis for federal jurisdiction over Indian land?

The basis for this exclusive federal-Indian relationship regarding Indian land derives, again, both from notions of inherent sovereignty and federal preemption. Indian sovereignty is reflected in the unique nature of Indian title, which bestows a right not of ownership but of occupancy "good against all but the sovereign" United States government and is recognized as the basis for exclusive federal jurisdiction over Indian property. (Oneida Indian Nation v. County of Oneida (1974) 414 U.S. 661, 667, 94 S.Ct. 772, 777, 39 L.Ed.2d 73.) From the concept of Indian title emerges "the [51 Cal.3d 1149] rudimentary propositions that Indian title is a matter of federal law and can be extinguished only with federal consent...." (Id. at p. 670, 94 S.Ct. at p. 778.)