California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Moore, 166 Cal.App.3d 540, 211 Cal.Rptr. 856 (Cal. App. 1985):
It is fundamental law in California that the trier of fact is not to consider the subject of penalty or punishment in arriving at its decision of guilt or innocence. (People v. Moore (1968) 257 Cal.App.2d 740, 750, 65 Cal.Rptr. 450 [similarity in names coincidental].) This notion derives from the traditional division of duty between the court and jury: a jury is to decide questions of fact placed before it; the court is to rule on questions of law. The issue of punishment being a question of law is exclusive to the court and therefore extraneous to the jury. To help focus the jury on its task and attempt to keep jurors from speculating on matters outside their function, [166 Cal.App.3d 550] California courts have prohibited any mention of post-verdict proceedings in jury instructions. The rule is perhaps most vividly illustrated in capital cases.
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