The following excerpt is from USA. .v Coutchavlis, 260 F.3d 1149 (9th Cir. 2001):
The court also reviews de novo a district court's determination that a criminal suspect's statement to law enforcement officers was voluntary, but reviews for clear error the factual findings underlying that determination. United States v. Wolf, 813 F.2d 970, 974 (9th Cir. 1987).
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