What is the definition of a kidnapping under section 207 of the California Penal Code?

Section 207, subdivision (d), of the Penal Code provides that: "Every person who, being out of this state, abducts or takes by force or fraud any person contrary to the law of the place where that act is committed, and brings, sends, or conveys that person within the limits of this state, and is afterwards found within the limits thereof, is guilty of kidnapping." All persons concerned in the commission of a crime, whether as a direct perpetrator or as an aider and abettor, are principals in the crime. (People v. McCoy (2001) 25 Cal.4th 1111, 1116-1117.) An aider and abettor is equally as culpable as the actual perpetrator. (Id. at p. 1120.) To be convicted as an aider and abettor, there must be proof that the "aider and abettor act[ed] with knowledge of the criminal purpose of the

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