What is the date a judgment became final on direct review or on collateral review?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from Allen v. Hughes, No. 2:16-cv-0560-GEB-EFB P (E.D. Cal. 2017):

judgment became final on direct review or the expiration of the time for seeking such review (or April 25, 1996, if the judgment became final prior to AEDPA's enactment), (2) the date on which a state-created impediment to filing is removed, (3) the date the United States Supreme Court makes a new rule retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review, or (4) the date on which the factual predicate of a claim could have been discovered through the exercise of due diligence. 28 U.S.C. 2244(d)(1)(A)-(D); Malcom v. Payne, 281 F.3d 951, 955 (9th Cir. 2002).

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