The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Alexander, 938 F.2d 942 (9th Cir. 1991):
5 Another panel of this court appears to have reached the same conclusion. See United States v. Skinna, 931 F.2d 530, 532 (9th Cir.1991) (Customary trade presumably "differs from barter, which is defined as a noncommercial exchange for items other than money.").
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