What is the basis for a finding of bias or prejudice in a motion for contempt of court?

The fact of the prior contempt ruling had long been known to appellant. Nonetheless, he failed to file the necessary affidavit showing bias or prejudice. In the absence of specific allegations of personal bias, prejudice, or interest, neither prior adverse rulings of a judge nor his participation in a related or prior proceeding is sufficient. Azhocar, supra; United States v. Daley, 564 F.2d 645 (CA2 1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 933, 98 S.Ct. 1508, 55 L.Ed.2d 530 (1978); United States v. Schwartz, 535 F.2d 160 (CA2 1976), cert. denied, 430 U.S. 906, 97 S.Ct. 1175, 51 L.Ed.2d 581, rehearing denied, 430 U.S. 976, 97 S.Ct. 1669, 52 L.Ed.2d 371 (1977).

We have examined the cases cited by appellant and they do not support his argument. The contention is meritless.