California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from De Lancie v. Superior Court of State of Cal., San Mateo County, 159 Cal.Rptr. 20, 97 Cal.App.3d 519 (Cal. App. 1979):
4 Notably confidential communications between spouses under circumstances deliberately designed to create a reasonable expectation of privacy (see North v. Superior Court (1972) 8 Cal.3d 301, 311-312, 104 Cal.Rptr. 833, 502 P.2d 1305), and between a person in custody and his attorney, religious advisor or physician. (See Pen.Code, 636; cf. Evid.Code, 952-954, 980, 992-994, 1012-1014, 1032-1034.)
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