What are the legal standards for challenging the propriety of police encounters with the public?

We must be especially careful not to minimize our role in setting forth the proper legal standards in cases challenging the propriety of police encounters with the public, as "[w]e [have] singled out the area of crime prevention for special mention, noting that [s]ince this function is highly susceptible to subconstitutional abuses it will be subject to the greatest scrutiny " ( People v. Hollman, 79 N.Y.2d 181, 189, 581 N.Y.S.2d 619, 590 N.E.2d 204 [1992], quoting De Bour, 40 N.Y.2d at 220, 386 N.Y.S.2d 375, 352 N.E.2d 562 ). It is precisely because police interactions with the public are dynamic situations with the

[31 N.Y.3d 972]