California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Fryson, C067008 (Cal. App. 2015):
While the first oral instruction given was missing an element (the element requiring the defendant's intent to use fear to obtain the victim's consent) the written instructions were not missing this element. Where the oral instructions differ from the written instructions, the written instructions control. (People v. Mills (2010) 48 Cal.4th 158, 201.) We presume on this record that the jurors followed the court's written instructions, which contained all of the elements of extortion. (Ibid.)
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