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Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


Can a person be found guilty of voluntary manslaughter?


California, United States of America

What factors will the court consider when awarding front pay to an employee who has previously served as an unpaid employee?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a failure of natural justice be cured at the appellate level?


New Brunswick, Canada

What is the test for a claim that the trial court failed to properly instruct the jury on the applicable principles of law?


California, United States of America

Is there any difference in the amount of household care received by the deceased during the course of her life?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a false statement or omission in a supporting affidavit invalidate a warrant?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the leading decision in the area of mobility rights in family cases?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for striking Rule 25.11?


Ontario, Canada

What is the HRTO’s approach to summary hearings?


Ontario, Canada

What is the burden of proving that a showup procedure is unduly suggestive and subject to suppression?


"New York", United States of America

Is there any case law in which a suspension can be re-serve?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Does an attorney have standing to bring an anti-SLAPP motion?


California, United States of America

What is the test for abuse of evidence in a motion to bar the introduction of evidence as irrelevant?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of writing in the ink of a life insurance policy?


Ontario, Canada

What is the burden of proving a breach or negligent breach of a bailment contract?


California, United States of America

What is the penalty for "perpetrated by means of means of shooting a firearm from a motor vehicle intentionally at another person outside the vehicle with the intent of inflict great bodily injury"?


California, United States of America

What is the test for misconduct in a criminal case where a prosecutor compared reasonable doubt to everyday decision making?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a motion to strike a witness's testimony be sustained and denied?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a jury reasonably deduce from the evidence?


California, United States of America

Is an employee's attorney's fees deductible from the amount paid by the employer for reimbursement for compensation paid to the employee?


California, United States of America

Does a tortfeasor’s ignorance or mistake as to the extent of damages delay time for a claim against him?


Ontario, Canada

What is the police duty of responding to a 911 call?


"New York", United States of America

What is the normal range for a home invasion?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a trial judge's conduct deprived a defendant of a fair trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can plaintiffs who have been found to have lost standing in a civil action be substituted as real parties in interest?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted the Twelfth Amendment regarding the Electoral College?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of a modification of judgment in a motion to modify the judgment?


California, United States of America

Is intentional infliction of emotional distress a workers' compensation claim?


California, United States of America

Does a plaintiff have to be represented by a lawyer in a civil proceeding?


California, United States of America

Can a rational trier of fact find the essential elements beyond a reasonable doubt?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have courts dealt with the issue of arming a person with a screwdriver?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a jury instruction error claim?


California, United States of America

What is the role of an appellate court in reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence?


California, United States of America

Can an oral agreement for the sale of land be specific performance?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for knowing participation in a criminal conspiracy?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for allegations of racial discrimination?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for informing a defendant of the consequences of a guilty plea in Rule 11(c)(1)?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a Master's Order a final order?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the standard of review for questions of law, credibility, mixed fact and law and penalty?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for filing a third amended complaint?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a fact that increases the penalty for a crime beyond the prescribed statutory maximum must be submitted to the jury?


California, United States of America

What is the background to a medical malpractice case brought by the Eden Township Healthcare District v. Eden Medical Center?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on premeditated murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for obtaining a search warrant to search for items that may have been seized during a bank robbery?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the reasons for disbelieving the accused's version of events?


British Columbia, Canada

Does the late filing of a complaint in an intervention action require the respondent to respond to the complaint within the time set out in the summons?


California, United States of America

Does a defendant have absolute immunity from liability for any alleged conspiracy to commit perjury?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for an amendment to the US Constitution?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a decision on the merits of a second habeas petition arising from a conviction for assault be considered a "dismissal" on the basis of the statute of limitations?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the test for determining whether a statement is a "true threat"?


California, United States of America

Is Rule 7.14 an exaggerated response to a security problem?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the implications of the new Queen’s Bench Rules for summary judgment applications?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What are some of the most recent federal decisions in which the US Supreme Court has ruled in favour of the state against the state?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a plaintiff's negligence not a violation of positive law in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for reasonableness of an Arbitrator’s Award?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the definition of a “defence of a claim” and what is the effect of the claim?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for revocation of a defendant's probation for battery upon a custodial officer?


California, United States of America

What are the consequences of a long-term disability resulting in a long term disability?


California, United States of America

How has the federal government been successful in appealing from the preliminary injunctions issued under the Personal Injury Prevention Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a plaintiff’s earning capacity has been impaired by the accident?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a solicitor required to give evidence of all steps taken to establish the identity of a proposed defendant?


Ontario, Canada

What is the legal test for a motor vehicle theft?


California, United States of America

Is a child of the marriage entitled to a university degree once the marriage has been completed?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the current state of the law on undercover policing?


British Columbia, Canada

Does the Defendant have a right to terminate the relationship with the Plaintiff's broker before the purchase was made?


"New York", United States of America

Is Defendant's Notice of Appeal deemed filed when it is postmarked?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a motion to traverse a sealed warrant based solely on the information contained in the warrant application itself invalid?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test to apply on this review?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the effect of section 1203.06 of the Penal Code on a defendant who used a firearm in the commission of a felony?


California, United States of America

Does the term owner include the registered owner and the actual owner?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for a right of refusal?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Can a mill operator prevent a logger from obtaining title to a parcel of land that is not owned by the mill operator?


California, United States of America

Does the contention in the second cause of action under the Statute of Limitations apply to a claim that a claim for money had and received and therefore comes within the statute of limitation?


"New York", United States of America

What is the test for damages for lost chances?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances have courts found that a denial of possession effected abandonment of an attache's property?


"New York", United States of America

What is the range of future care costs for a plaintiff?


British Columbia, Canada

Can an arbitrator be held liable for failing to render a timely award?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for nervous shock?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances will a woman in her own home attack a police officer with a knife?


California, United States of America

Can an accused or his counsel waive procedural safeguards enacted for his benefit?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for pleading the defense of former jeopardy?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a person who killed himself was acting out of "unconsidered or rash impulse"?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a habeas petition challenging a prison disciplinary action?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the elements of the accusatory pleading test in determining whether a defendant received notice of an uncharged crime?


California, United States of America

Does a person who owns or lawfully possesses or controls a property have a legitimate expectation of privacy?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for denying a defendant's right to replace counsel?


California, United States of America

Can a change in the law during the pendency of an appeal be considered a "saving clause" under section 11352 of the California Criminal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the test for "use" of a vehicle?


Alberta, Canada

Does the principle of buyer beware apply to real estate purchases?


British Columbia, Canada

Is it permissible for the state to introduce testimony that was given by the accused at a probation revocation hearing?


California, United States of America

How have the courts dealt with an opening brief in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Can a court relieve against cancellation of an agreement for sale where the conditions set out in the agreement have been met?


British Columbia, Canada

Is it possible for an independent search to determine whether a plaintiff has been successful in a civil case?


California, United States of America

Does a parent have the power to override a child's wishes?


"New York", United States of America

What is the test for ineffective assistance of counsel?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant who fails to object to a jury's consideration of a lesser charge of assault have an implied consent to a related crime?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion for leave to amend a complaint for an abuse of discretion?


California, United States of America

Does s. 18: 18:00 BCAA s.18(1) of the Rules of Civil Procedure apply?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a gym membership deductible from the tort award?


British Columbia, Canada

Is the building and operating of a station permitted by a grant of a right of way?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a defendant's right to access expert testimony at trial?


California, United States of America

Does a bankruptcy court have the authority to award fees in an action barred by res judicata?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect on a family doctor's obligation to do a follow-up for a patient?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for calculating damages in a motor vehicle accident?


California, United States of America

Can the police conduct post-examination questioning on a defendant who has waived his Miranda right?


California, United States of America

Does a prosecutor have to cross-examine a defendant on cross-examination?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review under section 1538.5?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law that supports the argument that motive is not a factor in determining the cause of death?


California, United States of America

What are the reasons for a summary judgment motion?


Ontario, Canada

What is the quantum of a monetary remedy?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a limitation on the brandishing elements in the closing argument of a criminal trial result in prejudice?


California, United States of America

What is the test for contempt in a family law case?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What are the elements of an extension of time analysis?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for instructing a jury on a lesser-included offence?


California, United States of America

Is it appropriate to impute to the payor the income that he would have earned if he had not quit his job?


Ontario, Canada

Does a federal court have jurisdiction to determine whether a state court's determination was incorrect?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for credibility of evidence in a personal injury trial?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a witness has privileged information?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law regarding religious name change by an inmate?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there sufficient evidence to support defendant's solicitation of murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an action to set aside a trustee's sale for irregularities in the sale notice or procedure?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does appellant have any right to testify at a contempt hearing?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for whether instrumentality is capable of being an instrumentality?


California, United States of America

Does a district court err in denying leave to amend where the amendment would be futile or subject to dismissal?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the actual custody credit for a defendant who has been sentenced for a violent crime?


California, United States of America

What defines “good character” and what is the test for it?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for overturning a penalty imposed by the California Department of Justice against an employee for gross misconduct?


California, United States of America

Can a judge be found to have abused his discretion in denying a continuance?


California, United States of America

Does a statute retroactively increase the punishment for a crime committed after the crime has been committed violate the ex post facto clause?


California, United States of America

Is there any discoverable items in the file of a police officer?


California, United States of America

What is the test for severance motions for abuse of power?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a motion to withdraw a guilty plea have to be heard by the same judge?


California, United States of America

Can a judge be substituted on the basis of discriminatory comments made by a colleague?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a patient to be admitted to hospital with a high probability that they will die?


California, United States of America

How have courts dealt with a motion to vacate a judgment against a defendant who mistakenly stabbed the victim?


California, United States of America

What is the harmless error standard for a plaintiff to presume intent in a motor vehicle accident?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for review of a court's decision to grant relief under section 473 for abuse of discretion?


California, United States of America

What is the impact of a loss of opportunity assessment when assessing the bill of a self-represented litigant?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a minor parking violation a criminal offence?


California, United States of America

Can a voluntary conveyance of land be void under the Fraudulent Conveyances Act?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the beneficial ownership of property between a husband and wife?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Does choking during a robbery constitute an assault for the purpose of facilitating the robbery?


California, United States of America

Is a violent felony to benefit a criminal street gang a crime?


California, United States of America

What is the formula for determining the value of a witness?


Ontario, Canada

What are the elements of a professional negligence claim?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an amendment to a statement of claim?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the corpus delicti rule as it applies to robbery murder?


California, United States of America

Is attorney-client privilege a bar to disclosure?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the meaning of the phrase “palpable and overriding error”?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for reinstatement of probation under section 1203, subdivision (e) of the California Criminal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the test for discovery of a peace officer personnel file?


California, United States of America

Is a solicitor's relationship with a client a contractual relationship between solicitor and client?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for eyewitness evidence in a sexual assault case?


Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

What is the test for admitting allegations in a civil case?


"New York", United States of America

Can a police officer engage in a police pursuit when he has the opportunity to follow a stolen vehicle using an unmarked car?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for good faith effort must be undertaken to obtain attendance of witness for trial?


California, United States of America

What is the test for making a peremptory challenge?


California, United States of America

What are the reservations of the Court of Appeal against any attempt to withdraw an admission on appeal?


Alberta, Canada

Can lump sum child support be awarded under the Federal Child Support Guidelines?


British Columbia, Canada

Is it misconduct for a prosecutor to ask a witness if he believes another witness is intentionally lying?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a decision in a personal injury action?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for reversing a jury's verdict in a motor vehicle accident case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for false or misleading statements on an application?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for a claim for damages arising out of a wrongful dismissal?


California, United States of America

Does a state court have the power to determine whether real property is within its boundaries or is in a neighboring state?


California, United States of America

Does a motion for leave to amend, properly accompanied by a proposed amended complaint, toll on the statute of limitations?


"New York", United States of America

Is provocation sufficient to reduce a murder to second degree?


California, United States of America

How have courts treated an improper admission of hearsay evidence in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for comments by a prosecuting attorney on the evidence in a civil case?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances will a court strike down a defamation claim against a government official for defaming a third party?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for evidence in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the significance of a separate statement in a section of the California Civil Code requiring a court to grant a motion for failure to comply with the separate statement?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to find an aider and abettor responsible for the mental state of the perpetrator?


California, United States of America

What is the test for assessing the evidence in the context of a medical malpractice case?


California, United States of America

How have courts in England and Wales dealt with the issue of negligence in a motor vehicle accident?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for premeditation in a murder case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for cancelling or cancelling arrears?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the range of punitive damages awarded in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of a cross-appeal against a finding that a set of 19 lifts shipped on the "Ermua" were not wrapped or boxed?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Can a court restrain a breach of confidence?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a stay of custody and access order?


Prince Edward Island, Canada

What is the test for a motion for a continuance to enable a defendant to prepare for trial?


California, United States of America

Is a jury's instruction that a crime requires specific intent not specific intent invalidating a defendant's due process under the US Constitution?


California, United States of America

What factors will be considered to support a finding of special circumstances in a motion to add a defendant to the list of defendants?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for admitting character evidence in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

Are expenses for repairs that are necessary to maintain a rental property properly deductible?


Ontario, Canada

What is the standard of proof for a plaintiff to claim lost income?


British Columbia, Canada

How have lake-bills of lading been interpreted by the courts?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for probable cause under the Fourth Amendment?


California, United States of America

Are attorney fees included as costs under section 685.040 of the California Civil Code?


California, United States of America

How have the courts considered findings of fact in the context of an evidentiary hearing?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the burden of proving each element of an alleged sentence enhancement beyond reasonable doubt?


California, United States of America

What is the test for obtaining medical records and sexual activity records in a sexual assault case?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for finding a defendant guilty of a charge of criminal contempt?


California, United States of America

Does the 9th Circuit judge have jurisdiction to hear a motion for reconsideration?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the media have First Amendment privilege to name and discuss an individual in a biography?


California, United States of America

How have jury instructions been interpreted in criminal cases?


California, United States of America

What is the test for challenging the execution of a death penalty sentence under Section 2241 of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can an officer of a bankrupt corporation seek an injunction against the bankrupt?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is sufficient evidence to convict a defendant of assault?


California, United States of America