Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
Does a plaintiff have to make additional allegations in order to bring an action?
California, United States of America
What is the test for "relevant evidence" in a civil case?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law supporting an inmate's right to be placed in administrative confinement?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a covenantor entitled to a holiday from enforcement of his obligation until the trial of the covenantor?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the test for having jurisdiction to challenge a conviction and sentence for possession and illegal transfer of an unregistered machine gun?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a reasonable time?
California, United States of America
What information is properly discoverable on a motion for habeas corpus?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making a claim of authenticity?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for ineffective counsel in a civil case?
California, United States of America
Does a prolonged period of time between a parent and a family friend of one of their children have to be considered a factor in determining custody?
"New York", United States of America
How have the courts interpreted the prosecutor's statement that the jury's verdict must be based on the evidence presented in court?
California, United States of America
What is the test for rescinding a decision?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Can a plaintiff be sanctioned or dismissed if they name a Doe defendant in a subsequent action?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the particularity clause in a search warrant application apply to a mobile home?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether an error by the Court of Appeal was a factor in the outcome of an appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a judgment in the court below in the appeal before the disposition of the appeal?
British Columbia, Canada
What is hearsay evidence in a civil case?
California, United States of America
How has the harmless error rule been interpreted in the context of the Sheppard case?
California, United States of America
Is it reasonable for a defendant to charge for the care of a member of his family who has been injured in a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the burden of an appellant in appealing against a finding of insufficient evidence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for the test of reasonable doubt?
California, United States of America
What is the test for deprivation of a constitutional right under Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a validly conducted dog sniff supply probable cause for a search warrant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the "rule of discovery" continue in its application to medical malpractice actions under section 340.5?
California, United States of America
How have the courts interpreted the costs rules in the context of litigation?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for police to give effect to a detainee's s.10(b) right to counsel?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will a pleading in a motion be amended or amended?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is proper dismissal of an action without leave to amend?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal test for intellectual disability?
California, United States of America
What is the test for certifying an opposing attorney that every pleading, pleading, motion or other similar paper has merit?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law or case law that supports the argument that an evidentiary hearing was improperly denied?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What factors must the court consider in deciding whether to grant a solicitor's solicitor removal motion?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for overturning convictions for rape and incest in a prosecution without corroborative evidence?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where a judge erred in not suppressing evidence gathered from a wiretap?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plaintiff refer to a prior pleading in order to make her amended complaint complete?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for making a claim in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test used to determine compensation for loss of income or wages as a result of discrimination?
Prince Edward Island, Canada
How have courts treated a defendant's claim for equal protection under the equal protection clause?
California, United States of America
What are the conditions of probation for a convicted sex offender?
California, United States of America
Is a motion to dismiss an amended complaint brought by a plaintiff who has not had the opportunity to cure the defects in the original complaint?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the statute of limitations begin to run when the facts are discovered?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the jury instructions in a motor vehicle accident case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a defendant is liable for injuries sustained in a collision involving a telephone booth?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of the Toronto By-law on freedom of expression?
Ontario, Canada
What is the current interpretation of section 1871.4 of the California Workers' Compensation Act?
California, United States of America
Can a prosecutor personally vouch for a defendant's guilt?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for a motion under section 1118.1?
California, United States of America
What is the prejudice inherent in admitting a defendant's prior conviction for possession of heroin in prison?
California, United States of America
What is the standard for a law society to sanction a lawyer for making allegations that they have a sincerely held but mistaken legal position?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for an employer to enforce an obligation to render personal service or to employ another in personal service?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a plaintiff entitled to the emotional benefits of having an unplanned child?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for establishing a novation in a commercial property transaction?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of review in the context of the admission of evidence in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted "motive" in determining whether a defendant acted maliciously or deliberately on federal property?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How is child support calculated when the child only remains a child because of his post-secondary education?
British Columbia, Canada
Is the court’s position on costs for personal injury cases in the context of the case management system?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the scope of a prosecutor's closing argument in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for "substantial success" under Rule 57 of the Rules of Civil Procedure?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a finding that there is insufficient evidence of premeditation and deliberation to support a finding of first-degree murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for informing the jury that death must be the appropriate penalty?
California, United States of America
What is the definition of coercion under the Oregon Code of Civil Procedure when it refers to "act" rather than "speech"?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances will police be required to obtain blood samples from a driver under the influence of alcohol?
California, United States of America
What is the right to counsel at a parole revocation hearing?
California, United States of America
Is a serious felony conviction described by section 1192.7, subdivision 23 of the California Criminal Code a "serious felony" and arising out of a crime committed before the effective date of Proposition 8?
California, United States of America
What is the test for error in admitting or excluding evidence in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a declaration of intent in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is the scope of a civil action for reimbursement of costs associated with maintaining an easement?
MultiRegion, United States of America
When a search warrant is issued for a second time for a defendant's cell phone, what is the difference between the first and second searches?
California, United States of America
What is the test for deliberate, deliberate, and/or deliberation in the context of an attempted murder case?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a Minister of Justice consider a hobby as a business when determining whether a hobbyist or an amateur should be considered a tax-payer business?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Is the condition that requires an individual to be searched by a police community support officer while he is in rehabilitation a violation of his electronic privacy right?
California, United States of America
Does a judge have a duty to question a juror sufficiently at a hearing where the hearing was inadequate?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for exercising "rights of custody" under the Hague Convention?
Ontario, Canada
What is the qualified privilege, if any, which protects communications that are in the interests of the general interests of society?
Alberta, Canada
Does the court have to instruct the jury on the charge of theft in the context of carjacking?
California, United States of America
What is the test for timely presentation of a claim under the California Tort Claims Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the implications of the Court of Appeal's decision not to hear an appeal?
federal, United States of America
What is the state law duty to warn of an impending accident?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plaintiff bring a claim for unlawful arrest under section 1983 of the Fourth Amendment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In a contract impairment case arising out of section 340.9(1) of the California Civil Code of Civil Procedure Act, is there any case law where the court has found that the provision does not apply to all cases?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on costs in estate matters?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the disclosure obligations of a prosecutor in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Is Lua considered to have consented to amendment of the elements of section 136.1, subdivision (c)?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether an employee has acted within the scope of their employment?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a sworn statement of an arrest officer be introduced in evidence at a hearing?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for a jurisdictional issue?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for qualified immunity in a medical malpractice case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the elements of street terrorism?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of the real and substantial connection test and forum non conveniens doctrine?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will the US Supreme Court review the denial of a motion to reopen for abuse of discretion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a seller refuse to execute a contract of sale?
California, United States of America
How have courts dealt with the issue of arming a person with a screwdriver?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a plaintiff not be able to sue for damages caused by the actions of an off-duty police officer?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the requirements of a motion to remand?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the impact of the translation error in the context of a disclosure motion?
Ontario, Canada
What is solicitor-client privilege and what is its purpose?
Ontario, Canada
What is the burden of informed consent placed on the patient when advised to undergo the first angiogram?
Ontario, Canada
What is the state's liability for damages when the exercise of governmental functions in the operation of a motor vehicle results in injury to its citizens?
California, United States of America
Does the expression that a jury is "hopelessly deadlocked" constitute a determinative factor in determining the length of time required to reach a verdict?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a federal judge run a term of imprisonment concurrently with a state sentence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the principles governing an application under s. 35(2)(b)?
British Columbia, Canada
How has the common law rule been interpreted in an appeal?
Alberta, Canada
Does the definition of harassment in the DVPA apply to domestic violence?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted section 654 of the Criminal Code when a defendant is convicted of conspiracy to murder and a substantive offense of murdering a minor?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of conspiracy to commit murder?
California, United States of America
Does the collateral estoppel effect apply to the finding of probable cause in a federal traffic trial?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a search warrant for assault with intent to pervert the course of justice?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant be punished for leaving the scene of an accident for fleeing the crime under section 654 of the California Penal Code?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to find a charge of child endangerment a misdemeanor?
California, United States of America
What is the definition of a class for wrongful dismissal?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a prisoner have a constitutional right to the medical treatment of his or her choice?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a lawyer be found to have dated an affidavit six weeks later than it was actually sworn?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the definition of wilful misconduct?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for establishing municipal control of a local authority?
California, United States of America
What is the record of a no contest plea and order granting probation for a resisting officer charge?
California, United States of America
How have the courts treated the government's objection to a request by counsel for information on the basis of relevancy?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of sexual orientation on a person's life expectancy?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a court has considered all of the relevant factors under section 389 (b) of the California Code of Civil Procedure?
California, United States of America
What is the test for murder in the first degree?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for correcting errors in a will?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining the guilt of a defendant in an extortion case?
"New York", United States of America
Can a defense expert's raw notes be disclosed to the prosecution?
California, United States of America
When testimony is excluded that another man matching the description of the robber might have committed the crime, does the exclusion apply?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for exclusion of evidence in a personal injury claim?
California, United States of America
Does a prosecutor comment on a defense counsel's tactical decisions constitute misconduct?
California, United States of America
How have instructions been interpreted in the context of a jury trial?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of prior criminal convictions on a defendant's credibility?
California, United States of America
What is the appropriate sentence for a man convicted of committing a lewd or lascivious act under section 288, subdivision (a) of the California Penal Code?
California, United States of America
How have the courts interpreted cross-examination questions on direct examination?
California, United States of America
What is the test for state imposed psychological trauma in the context of section 11(b) of the Charter?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for damages under a contract?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for calling a judge to the notice of error?
California, United States of America
What is the test for abuse of notice under section 473.5?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining if a crime is murder or attempted murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion for a no evidence motion in a sexual assault case?
British Columbia, Canada
Is Aboriginal rights an individual or collective?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a plaintiff to claim damages for loss of enjoyment of life as a result of injury?
Alberta, Canada
What are the elements of a cause of action for intentional infliction of emotional distress?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances have accounts been admitted without objection?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for possessing a firearm in a search warrant?
California, United States of America
What is the test for substantial evidence in a motor vehicle accident case?
California, United States of America
Does a defendant have waived their statutory right to appeal in a negotiated plea of guilty?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts dealt with interim disbursements and costs in litigation?
Ontario, Canada
How have courts interpreted the test for a claim of breach of fiduciary duty in a medical malpractice case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law on due process in sexual abuse cases?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on loss of future earning capacity damages?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of proof for an allegation of accord and satisfaction in a civil case?
Alberta, Canada
Can a defendant appeal against his sentence under section 654 of the California Criminal Code for failing to comply with the requirements of the Court of Appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making a defendant pay for the costs associated with acquiring the relevant clinical notes and records?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for vexatious litigants?
Alberta, Canada
What is the legal test for vicarious liability?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of proof applied in assessing the risk of future persecution?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for future loss of income for a plaintiff in a motor vehicle accident case?
Ontario, Canada
What is a right to life engaged where a law or state action imposes death or a increased risk of death on a person?
British Columbia, Canada
How have the arbitrator determined that a team leader and highest-ranking person at a group home is a named insured for SABS?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for establishing that a claimant has a material change in circumstances of a continuing nature in the circumstances of their claim?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a warrantless search of a bank records a violation of privacy?
California, United States of America
What is the test for driving under the influence of methamphetamine?
California, United States of America
Will a federal judge's decision not to define reasonable doubt be reviewed under abuse of standard?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a judgment or order of a lower court is correct?
California, United States of America
Is a search condition invalid under the tripartite standard?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of the Court of Appeal's failure to give an unanimity instruction on the theory of first degree murder?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving a defendant's innocence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for possession of goods stolen from interstate commerce?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there insufficient evidence of malice in the case of a defendant who was found guilty of assault by reason of gross negligence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for creating a protected liberty interest in a state by restricting the discretion of a judge?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the standard instructions for a jury in a personal injury trial?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant challenge his sentence on collateral review?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a lawyer owe a duty of care to a non-client third party?
Ontario, Canada
Is a prevailing party entitled to recover costs in an action or proceeding?
California, United States of America
Is there any evidence that there was a lack of consultation between defendant and his attorney?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for an appeal of an attempted premeditated murder case?
California, United States of America
What factors will the court consider in determining which form of custody best met the interests of the child?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a police force was justified in its actions in the context of an assault?
"New York", United States of America
Does a juvenile who has been arrested without probable cause have a legitimate interest in continuing to be detained beyond 48 hours?
California, United States of America
What constitutes a constructive amendment to an indictment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a police department be held liable for failing to investigate properly?
California, United States of America
What is the test for probable cause and the veracity of informants?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How has section 1871.5 of the California Workers' Compensation Act been interpreted by the courts?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an amended pleading in a motor vehicle accident case?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted the meaning of the words "meaning and effect" and "substance" in the interpretation of a statute?
"New York", United States of America
How have the courts in Canada dealt with an application for stay of proceedings in the United States?
British Columbia, Canada
When will a Rule 28 examination be conducted on behalf of the Atwals?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test applied by the Court of Appeal to review a conviction?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of prior criminal history on a defendant's knowledge of his constitutional rights?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for whether a husband and wife are living apart under the same roof?
Ontario, Canada
Does a criminal restitution fine survive a rational basis review?
California, United States of America
What is the judge’s reasons on costs in a personal injury case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a judge's conduct has improperly shifted the balance against a defendant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for an action at law against a party who is not a party to the loan?
"New York", United States of America
What is the effect of the absence of a doctor from the witness-box at trial?
Saskatchewan, Canada
How does section 810 of the Criminal Code interact with objective and subjective elements?
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
What is the test for overturning a conviction for sexual assault?
California, United States of America
Is the statute of limitations barred a plaintiff from bringing an action for wrongful dismissal?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law in which a defendant is held to answer two counts of burglary in violation of section 496 of the Penal Code?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an incomplete contract?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for obtaining a search warrant for a search without a warrant?
California, United States of America
Does a jury have to agree on unanimity in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
Is deliberate indifference more blameworthy than negligence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the fact that the respondent left his previous employment for a seasonal job for the purposes of seasonal employment disqualify him from receiving Social Security benefits?
Canada (Federal), Canada
