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Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


Does the value of community participation in a jury trial diminish if the jury represents a community unaffected by the crime?


California, United States of America

How have the courts and juries dealt with the issue of voluntariness in sexual assault cases?


MultiRegion, United States of America

When does a joinder need to be applied?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is inconsistency in a jury's verdict a valid reason for rejecting a jury verdict?


California, United States of America

What is the statute of limitations for a plaintiff to bring a cause of action?


California, United States of America

Does a federal federal judge have jurisdiction to hear a state prisoner's habeas petition?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a judgment for costs in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Can a charged sex offence be used to prove a defendant's propensity to commit another sex crime?


California, United States of America

What is the scope of the argument that lack of clarity on the ballot amounts to a violation under s. 3 of the Charter?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a defendant have to unequivocally invoke their right to remain silent during an interview?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for equity in a family law case?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any error or error in the trial judge's instructions to the jury in a sexual assault case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the limitation period for an action under the New York State Vehicle Licensing Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the limitation on the amount of time between the husband and wife when they are married?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for ineffective representation in criminal proceedings?


California, United States of America

Does a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel in a motion for writ of habeas corpus need to be brought before the Court of Appeal?


California, United States of America

Does the trial court abuse its discretion when it denied a defendant's motion to exclude the testimony of Page 35 of the Defendant's lawyer as more prejudicial than probative?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a new trial in a criminal prosecution?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the difference between the date of use of an asset and contribution towards an asset?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the costs of a personal injury claim?


New Brunswick, Canada

Does the Attorney General have the authority to suppress paint samples from a suspect's car?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining a disproportionate punishment for a minor who sexually assaulted a minor?


California, United States of America

Does section 3(2) of the BCAA apply to non-commercial advertising?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for corroborating evidence in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for having standing in a motion to obtain injunctive relief to prevent the collection of a personal injury tax?


California, United States of America

What is the test for reducing first degree murder to second degree murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for subjecting someone to deprivation of their constitutional right?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have the courts applied the US Sentencing Guidelines for drug trafficking offences?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does panic disorder, anxiety and depression affect income imputed to a parent?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the test for cancelling or cancelling arrears?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining income for a separated parent in the context of a separation application?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any case law where a plaintiff’s full-time work ethic is not a comment on her freedom from pain and healing of her injury?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for admissibility of calendar information in a personal injury action?


California, United States of America

Does defendant's voluntary absence operate to waive his constitutional right to be present at trial and permitted continuation of the trial?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a prima facie case of age discrimination?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the presumption of advancement apply to transfers from a father to a child?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for an amended complaint in a civil case brought by a plaintiff who alleges that she was ordered to participate in a criminal conspiracy to deprive plaintiff of a constitutional right?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the term "estoppel" or "waiver" apply to the purposes of estoppel?


California, United States of America

Is a motion for summary adjudication a separate and distinct cause of action?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law in the context of multiple representation cases?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is entitlement on the basis of compensation, non-compensation, and contractual support?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a contract is ambiguous or uncertain?


California, United States of America

When will a trial judge grant a defendant an opportunity to withdraw their plea?


California, United States of America

Does the prosecutor have the authority to impeach a defendant's credibility as to his self-defense claim at trial?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review under section 977 and 1043 of the California Constitution to exclude a defendant from the pretrial and trial?


California, United States of America

What is prejudice against a police officer who has been denied promotion because of the delay in getting notice of application to the Police Complaints Board?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining the net weight of a piece of cocaine seized by a police officer at a traffic stop?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of a referendum against a particular zoning ordinance amendment?


California, United States of America

What is the test for adding a defendant to a defendant list?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a single incident of “borderline” oppression or “unfair prejudice” constitutes oppression or unfair prejudice?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the test for "touching breasts for the purpose of sexual arousal, sexual gratification or sexual abuse"?


California, United States of America

What is the test for making an amended pleading in a personal injury case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a cause of action under the California Anti-SLAPP Act?


California, United States of America

What is the test for inadmissible witness testimony in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Does a trial judge have to investigate the contents of a jury book which records how members of the panel have voted on previous juries?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a uniform fair price at which milk can be sold?


"New York", United States of America

What is the relevant time frame for calculating a delay under s. 11(b) of the Criminal Code of Canada?


Canada (Federal), Canada

How have the courts interpreted the hearsay rule?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a person is guilty of a crime?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing substantial evidence to support a murder conviction?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining the sufficiency of evidence in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the doctrine of mootness?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the effect of periodic payments on a pension scheme?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for imputing income on behalf of a spouse who is an under-employed spouse?


Ontario, Canada

How does Section 654 of the California Criminal Code apply?


California, United States of America

Can a state prisoner be denied federal habeas corpus relief on the grounds that evidence obtained in an unconstitutional search or seizure was introduced at trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for vagueness in a criminal statute?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the order of proof for abuse of power?


California, United States of America

Does the trial court abuse its discretion in determining that rap evidence was trustworthy?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a government can provide adequate protection to a victim of domestic violence?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the relevant case law on sexual assault under section 288 of the California Child Protection Act?


California, United States of America

What is the test for obtaining a warrant for wiretapping under section 2518(1)(b)(iv) of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the grounds of appeal against a special verdict in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of deliberate and premeditated first degree murder?


California, United States of America

Can a stay of proceedings with Crown counsel as to what witnesses should be called for the prosecution?


Alberta, Canada

In what circumstances can a police officer use excessive force to make an arrest?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing that property is excluded property?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a contract where the provisions of the contract are inconsistent?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a defendant seeking a second opinion on the same matter?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for appealing an award for attorney fees?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a plaintiff to prove negligence per se?


California, United States of America

What is the burden on a plaintiff to prove that they have been misrepresented?


California, United States of America

Is a course of conduct in which a robbery and an attempted voluntary manslaughter conviction are indivisible for purposes of section 654 of the Criminal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for establishing that a person must be legitimate to inherit a interest in land upon intestacy?


MultiRegion, United States of America

If there is no clear agency between the parties, can the parties be considered fiduciary?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for a review of allegedly erroneous exclusions of evidence?


California, United States of America

Does Defendant have the right to sue the Attorney General for negligence in a civil case brought by a former employee of the Department of Justice?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for alleging false testimony in a civil case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have the courts treated a supplemental brief in an appeal?


California, United States of America

What is the duty of an employer to investigate an allegation or occurrence of workplace discrimination?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for detention of a person who has been arrested under the Mental Health Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a shareholder bring a claim in tort alleging conspiracy?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a plaintiff is entitled to sue for damages in a civil case?


California, United States of America

Is the Secretary of State's interpretation of the Civil Code of Civil Procedure deference?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a magistrate judge amend or amend a Family Law Review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to determine whether a mental health disorder qualifies as a mental state?


California, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective assistance of counsel?


California, United States of America

Does a plaintiff need to have a cocounsel?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on duty of care?


Ontario, Canada

What is the standard of review for a kidnapping charge?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an insurer to exclude coverage for certain types of motor vehicle accidents?


California, United States of America

How have courts dealt with the issue of making a criminal threat?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law supporting a "prophylactic rule" in this case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the "magic words" used by an off-duty police officer to communicate with a suspect?


Ontario, Canada

In a personal injury action, what is the test for a plaintiff to prove that she will continue to be unable to perform all her usual household work?


British Columbia, Canada

What are Canada's obligations under the UN Convention on the rights of the child?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Is the doctrine of the principle or rule necessary to the disposition of the case binding in all subsequent proceedings?


California, United States of America

What is a fair trial?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a warranty in a commercial contract?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for denying a motion under Section 2255 of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the consequences of errors in the standard of review?


California, United States of America

How have courts dealt with the issue of abuse of discretion?


California, United States of America

Is the Fourth Amendment right to search a person's home without consent?


California, United States of America

What is the test for retaliation under the First Amendment?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have courts considered the risk of unfair prejudice against probative value under Rule 403?


MultiRegion, United States of America

In what circumstances will the Court in B.C. consider a third party order?


Prince Edward Island, Canada

What is the impact of an instructional error that resulted in a plaintiff in a medical malpractice case being denied access to a prescription drug?


California, United States of America

How have the courts considered the admissibility of photographs?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for ordering an entire new trial in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an arbitration clause in an employment contract?


Ontario, Canada

In what circumstances will a plaintiff be considered a proximate cause of injury in a motor vehicle accident?


California, United States of America

What is the test for typicality in medical malpractice cases?


California, United States of America

Can a sublease adopted by the debtor in possession be disaffirmed by the subsequently appointed trustee?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a notice of appeal stating that plaintiffs have appealed from a report and recommendation of a magistrate judge that an injunction be issued?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the consequences of a deficient Environmental Impact Review?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a search warrant under Section 8 of the Criminal Code?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for a claim that the affairs of a RICO enterprise have been conducted in violation of subsection (c) of Section 1962 of the RICO Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are some cases dealing with fees for abuse of power?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of the delayed discovery rule on cause of action?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on the issue of ripeness?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a student have a substantive due process right protecting her from bad faith dismissal?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How is a plaintiff's capacity to earn income assessed?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the bystander test for emotional distress caused by witnessing the death of a family member?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for an examination for discovery?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for "extra caution" in a motor vehicle accident?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the proper rule on whether a defendant may not be convicted of wilfully disobeying an order to testify?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for finding that Kitimat breached a duty of care to a plaintiff?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the burden of going forward at a suppression hearing?


"New York", United States of America

What are the principles of the felony-murder and misdemeanor-manslaughter rules?


California, United States of America

Can an active litigant who benefits a passive beneficiary recover a portion of his attorney fees and costs?


California, United States of America

Is there any evidence that the state court reviewed the affidavits of a plaintiff in his civil case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a defendant who flees from the scene of an injury accident a crime?


California, United States of America

Is a motion to stay an order that the mother forthwith return the children to Egypt pending her appeal?


Ontario, Canada

What is the standard of conduct of a defense lawyer in a sexual assault case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

In what circumstances will a defendant be found not guilty of a charge under duress under the duress defense?


California, United States of America

Does Essex have a burden of demonstrating a clear abuse of discretion in making a statutory statutory settlement offer?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted privacy guarantees in the context of inspections in the securities industry?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the reasons why Elle Mortgage Corporation has been granted an interim injunction against parmjeet sihota?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining the fair value of a share?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the statute of limitations for a Page 3 claim?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there an arguable issue in the conduct of appellant's attorney?


California, United States of America

What is the test for dismissing a motion to dismiss a motion alleging that petitioner is unlawfully detained as a pretrial detainee?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a jury has failed to produce a fair trial?


California, United States of America

What is the appropriateness of quantifying damages in a negative covenant action?


Ontario, Canada

What is the duty of care of the operators of large unwieldable vehicles on public roads?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for abuse of evidence in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing guilt beyond a reasonable doubt in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the scope of a defendant's rebuttal in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances have courts been found to be inconsistent with the law with respect to aggravating factors?


California, United States of America

What is the definition of sexual harassment in the workplace?


Ontario, Canada

What standard of review applies to the interpretation of the notice?


California, United States of America

Can a formal settlement offer be revoked by an informal settlement offer?


British Columbia, Canada

In addition to the fact that a prior pleading cannot be referred to in a second pleading, is plaintiff's second pleading complete?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on vindictiveness in a criminal case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the use of voter registration lists for jury selection constitute a constitutional violation?


"New York", United States of America

What is the evidence presented in the suppression hearing on the suppression motion?


California, United States of America

Does the Attorney General have to change his position on good behavior and participation credits?


California, United States of America

How have instructions been interpreted in a civil trial?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted section 3601(a)(1)(2)(3) of the California Industrial Accident Prevention Act?


California, United States of America

What is the history of section 190(c) of the Ontario Bill of Rights?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of care required for an occupier to be negligent in their occupancy of a building?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any difference in the way the courts deal with alleged past events?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a new federal statute in the context of the Civil Procedure Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a victim's testimony that she slipped in and out of consciousness during her ordeal satisfy the statutory definition of physical helplessness?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a court have to balance the probative value of evidence against its potential prejudicial effect?


California, United States of America

Does a party who consents to a court's order for grandparent visitation have a right to challenge the order?


California, United States of America

Is service of a garnishee summons binding any debt due or accruing due?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Can a joint tenancy be severed by one co-tenant doing his own share?


Alberta, Canada

Does the going and coming rule apply in this case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for overturning a motion for a new trial?


California, United States of America

Does a finding of partiality support a finding that a judge's failure to permit the introduction of evidence of duress?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the "earnings approach" used in a personal injury action?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the opening brief in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What authority does a police officer have to impound a vehicle after citing a driver for driving with a suspended or revoked license?


California, United States of America

How is causation determined in a motor vehicle accident case?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the basis for an independent review of an application for a certificate of probable cause?


California, United States of America

What is the test for arrest without a warrant?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a medical marijuana collective?


California, United States of America

Can a prosecutor impeach defendant by asking him about his ex-girlfriend's allegation that he was involved in a home invasion robbery?


California, United States of America

What is the relevant case law in the context of the administrative review process?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a defendant withdraw a guilty plea under section 1018 of the Criminal Code?


California, United States of America

If defendant means the law does not adequately limit and direct the sentencer's role in determining penalty, what is the current state of the law on penalty?


California, United States of America

Is Respondent's pleading that the trial judge erred when he failed to instruct the jury on embezzlement?


California, United States of America

What is the test for abridging a prisoner's civil rights as a result of medical malpractice?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are some of the most recent cases involving same-sex civil rights cases?


California, United States of America

What is the basis for an independent review of the record?


California, United States of America

Does Defendant's failure to raise this objection below constitute a waiver of the right to appeal?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for in-court identification in a motor vehicle accident?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a creditor have to prove that the Respondent acted in bad faith or fraudulent intention to obtain a loan?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for standing in a federal civil action?


MultiRegion, United States of America