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Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


What is the test for arguing that a procedural fairness argument is correct?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the effect of the amendment to the California Civil Code of Civil Procedure in the context of civil liberties issues?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a federal habeas corpus application?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of a long-term spousal order on income inequality between the spouses?


Alberta, Canada

What is the rule of law in the context of asserted violations of the Fifth Amendment?


California, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective counsel in a habeas case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the case law on police statements that do not violate the Miranda code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant has been convicted of a sexual assault?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for qualified immunity in the context of search and seizure?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective representation in an immigration proceeding?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have instructions and evidence been used to determine whether a juror was improperly influenced to the detriment of a defendant?


California, United States of America

Can a claim be made against the deceased for negligent entrustment?


California, United States of America

What is the argument that robbery is not a crime in the federal or state criminal laws?


California, United States of America

Can a judge be called to testify as an expert witness on behalf of the other party?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances will a vendor be found liable for misrepresentation in a hydrology report?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for entitlement to damages for a past loss of opportunity?


British Columbia, Canada

What is a peace officer's duty to question a citizen?


Alberta, Canada

What are the reasons for judgment in the case of Bank of Montreal?


British Columbia, Canada

Under what circumstances will a defendant not yet convicted, under the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause, not to be punished prior to conviction?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there an implied warranty in all contracts for work and labour?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a state prisoner's procedural default in the state courts barred from federal review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What evidence does the prosecution have to support its claim that there were only three men in the showup?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an order of costs for improper conduct?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a judge's conduct was prejudicial?


California, United States of America

Can a lawyer be reprimanded for calling a colleague a "clueless" or a "foolish" lawyer?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for making an order for costs deviating from the Schedule 4 tariff?


British Columbia, Canada

Can a defendant claim that any errors made at trial prejudiced him?


California, United States of America

Can a primary carer for her disabled, primary caregiver for her triplets, who suffers from depression, relocate to where her family lives?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a motion to vacate a judgment?


California, United States of America

Does a general waiver of the right to appeal include error occurring after the waiver?


California, United States of America

What is the credibility and reliability of evidence in a sexual assault case?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the impact of a denial of a licence to practice medical malpractice?


New Brunswick, Canada

When a jury has been sworn in, can the trial court reopen jury selection after the jury has already been sworn?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion for summary adjudication on a disability claim?


California, United States of America

How does the Fourth Amendment protect against unreasonable searches and seizures?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a de facto arrest under the Fourth Amendment?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law where a jury convicted a defendant of a charge based on a coerced confession?


California, United States of America

When will a defence medical examination be ordered?


Ontario, Canada

Does a juror disagreement at trial result in a mistrial?


California, United States of America

What is the range of damages available to a plaintiff in a nuisance action?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of care of a lawyer in Vancouver from 2000 to 2003?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for admitting "testimonial" evidence in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

How have courts treated the issue of religious freedom in the context of the First Amendment?


"New York", United States of America

In what circumstances will a court invalidate a joint venture agreement?


California, United States of America

How does the statute of limitation apply to sexual assault cases?


Ontario, Canada

Does the use of testimony under the federal immunity statute apply to the prosecution of an immunized witness?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on consent in trespass claims?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for the application of the Parole Rule in the context of a promissory note?


British Columbia, Canada

What constitutes cruelty in the context of domestic violence?


New Brunswick, Canada

Is there any case law that supports the argument that a radiologist will inevitably conclude that a fracture is present, based on the x-ray, and that the radiologist’s opinion is that the fracture should not have been diagnosed?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for reasonable grounds for entry and search of an apartment for persons under the circumstances of an arrest?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the limitation period for a plaintiff to sue for loss of hearing?


Alberta, Canada

What are the principles applicable to claims for past and future loss of earning capacity?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a failure to file a plan timely a cause for dismissal of a chapter 13 motion?


federal, United States of America

What is the legal principle of a motion requiring the immediate release of a child with special needs, and what is the test for this?


Yukon, Canada

When a plaintiff files an amended complaint, can the court use the amended complaint to clarify the allegations in the original complaint?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether an employee is entitled to be paid?


New Brunswick, Canada

What is the meaning of a specific fund under the Rules of Civil Procedure?


New Brunswick, Canada

Does a bankruptcy court have the authority to award fees in an action barred by res judicata?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law in relation to credibility issues?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the Miranda rights of a material witness?


California, United States of America

Can a judge refuse to give an instruction of res ipsa loquitur?


California, United States of America

If a claim has become moot prior to the entry of final judgment, does the court have to dismiss the claim?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have courts interpreted the provisions of section 18 of the Canadian Criminal Code on the possession and cultivation of marihuana?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a judge have jurisdiction to resentence a criminal defendant after execution of sentence has begun?


California, United States of America

What is the range of sentences available to a defendant convicted of voluntary manslaughter?


California, United States of America

What is the test for instructing a jury in the language of a statutory definition of a crime?


California, United States of America

Is a grievor's past substance use disorder considered to be past substance abuse disorder?


British Columbia, Canada

When a partner dies, does he have a say in the distribution of the firm assets?


"New York", United States of America

What is the difference between a burglary and a robbery?


California, United States of America

What is the test for "subjecting another to deprivation of a constitutional right"?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on workplace disputes in Northern Ireland?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the current state of the law on disclosure of financial information in a family law action?


Ontario, Canada

Can a physician extend the statute of limitations for an adverse employment decision against her?


California, United States of America

Does a failure of the appeal board to state reasons for denying the exemption invalidate the review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of the judge's admonishment to the jury that rebuttal summation is only the argument of counsel, not evidence?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the interplay between s. 17(1) and 18(1)(a) of the Income Tax Code?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any reason to deny a motion to strike a prior conviction for the theft of a vehicle from a friend's vehicle?


California, United States of America

What is the test for standing to be elected as a candidate for mayor or alderman of the city of Montreal?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for "insufficiency of evidence" at the Court of Appeal?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant withdraw his plea for good cause before judgment is entered?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for estimating the speed of a car approaching at night?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the propriety of a conviction for assault with a deadly weapon other than a firearm?


California, United States of America

How have severance pay been treated in the context of determining child support?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a defendant is mentally competent?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion to depose a witness in a criminal trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the value of a plaintiff’s future sick leave?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for an order under Rule 45.01?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for instructing a jury on the lesser included offense of "imperfect self-defense" in a murder case?


California, United States of America

Does the good faith exception to the exclusionary rule apply to this search?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a violation of medical malpractice in a prison?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a plaintiff pursue an action without representation by counsel?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a civil action under Section 1983 of the Civil Code of Civil Procedure?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing that a judgment is binding on a motion of appeal?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a strata to prove negligence against a party who causes damage to its property?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the “hallmarks” of fiduciary law?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the state of the law on "tactical" identification?


California, United States of America

When a party enters into a structure under a contract where the contract does not stipulate that it will be reasonably fit for the purpose for which it is intended, is the contract enforceable?


Yukon, Canada

What is the standard for review of a sentence imposed by a federal district court?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What constitutes a coercive interrogation in a criminal case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a finding of significant unfairness under Section 8 of the BCSC's Rules of Civil Procedure?


British Columbia, Canada

How has the US Supreme Court treated the case law in the context of civil rights cases?


California, United States of America

What is the relevant case authority interpreting the three strikes resentencing statute?


California, United States of America

What is the meaning of "fairness" in the context of division of matrimonial assets?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What is the test for unrepresented litigants at trial?


Ontario, Canada

In what circumstances will a plaintiff bring a claim against a company for negligence in the case of a worker killed in a workplace explosion?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of a defendant failing to raise a claim at trial?


California, United States of America

What is the test for damages when a contract is breached?


Alberta, Canada

Are there any reasonable methodologies for estimating the amount of CO2 emissions generated by the Project?


MultiRegion, United States of America

In a sexual assault case, what is the effect of the victim's failure to describe with particularity the acts supporting the allegations?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a transaction is beyond the powers of a corporation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion of jurisdiction?


Ontario, Canada

What is the current state of the law on medical opinions?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for interpretation of a liability clause in a personal injury agreement?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant refuse consent for police to search an apartment?


California, United States of America

When a defendant is sentenced to a term in county jail under the Realignment Act, can the court suspend execution of the concluding portion of the term for a period selected at the court's discretion?


California, United States of America

How much time has been spent by the opposing counsel in a personal injury action?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the elements of theft by embezzlement?


California, United States of America

What is the test for damages for the alienation of a wife by her husband to her husband who has been accused of adultery?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Can an applicant be denied entry to the United States if they fail to produce proper documentation?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Can the intention to make a DMC be expressed prior to delivery of the bank note?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for calculating damages in an action of tort?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the standard for a motion for mistrial?


California, United States of America

What is the proper remedy for striking a witness's entire testimony on cross-examination?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to overturn a conviction of sexual assault against two men convicted of the crime?


MultiRegion, United States of America

When will a witness be found guilty of bribery, conspiracy and gambling immunity?


"New York", United States of America

Does a facilitative nexus need to be established to impose a section 12022.7 great bodily injury enhancement?


California, United States of America

Does section 654 of the Criminal Code apply to crimes of violence against multiple victims?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of an amended complaint?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of a breakdown in a marriage that has resulted in a spouse becoming the sole caregiver for two young children?


British Columbia, Canada

How has the record been interpreted in the context of an appeal?


California, United States of America

Is flight instruction proper for a defendant who runs from a crime scene?


California, United States of America

Can an expedited removal order be used to convict an alien criminal defendant of illegal reentry?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a tortfeasor jointly and severally liable for noneconomic damages in a motor vehicle accident?


California, United States of America

Are confrontation rights not violated at a revocation hearing?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the testator's duty of performing his or her duties toward the child?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the state of the law in this case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

In what circumstances will a defendant succeed in his claim that his signature was forged on his notice of appeal and request for a certificate of probable cause?


California, United States of America

Can a child's statement describing sexual abuse be used as evidence in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Three Strikes statute?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining that a verdict in a personal injury case is unreasonable?


Ontario, Canada

Is a district court's imposition of probation conditions an abuse of discretion?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a defendant plead guilty to voluntary manslaughter after the statute of limitations has expired?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a vesting order?


Ontario, Canada

Does the victim's fear of harm and perceived threat of violence constitute an aggravating factor in determining the severity of a robbery?


"New York", United States of America

What is the test for reducing income for the purpose of avoiding child support obligations?


Prince Edward Island, Canada

What are the costs of a judicial review?


British Columbia, Canada

What information must a defendant provide to satisfy Section 3553(f) of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a resulting trust beneficiary for a property owned by the would-be beneficiary?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the current state of the law on civil commitment of the mentally ill?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What authority exists in this province with respect to recording of independent medical examinations?


British Columbia, Canada

When will a court grant a motion for a mistrial for abuse of an expert's testimony?


California, United States of America

What is the applicable law regarding Proofs of Claim?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a common design or plan?


California, United States of America

Is evidence more prejudicial than probative under a deferential abuse of discretion standard?


California, United States of America

Is estate duty charged on real estate not a "testamentary expense" for the executors?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Can alternate jurors be selected for a jury trial?


California, United States of America

Can a self-represented litigant in a personal injury action proceed without the assistance of a defending party?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for an in limine motion for abuse of discretion?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of instruction for a defendant in a civil case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a warrantless search condition of probation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a child support order under section 5 of the Child Support Guidelines?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances will a plaintiff be able to claim damages for injuries sustained during a cattle roundup?


California, United States of America

Is the term "harm or evil" governed by the geographical extent of the police power?


"New York", United States of America

What authority does a plaintiff have to voluntarily dismiss an action with or without prejudice?


California, United States of America

What is the standard for a summary of the evidence in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Is there any difference between the parent church and the parent society?


British Columbia, Canada

Does opposition to a motion to remand constitute an amendment to the notice of removal?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for overriding a plaintiff’s right to sue in a superior court?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the burden of establishing a probability of prevailing in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Is there a presumption that a witness who testifies to an affirmative or negative memory should be credited with a negative memory?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the standard of review for a motion alleging ineffective assistance of counsel?


California, United States of America

Can a motion in limine for abuse of discretion be successful?


California, United States of America

What is the test for successful direct action against a motorist coverage insurer?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for arresting a minor who runs away from a police officer?


California, United States of America

What is the test for membership of a criminal gang?


California, United States of America

When one spouse's investment is put into a property that is jointly owned by that person, is there a presumption of advancement?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for bringing a motion for habeas corpus?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the factors used by a jury to determine whether a sexual assault charge is coercive?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is ineffective counsel ineffective for failing to object to an order in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant upset a jury verdict on a charge of possession with intent to distribute cocaine?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the case law on the basis of a mother’s argument that a child is entitled to a reduction in the amount of child support if she stops working?


New Brunswick, Canada

Does a defendant's failure to request a modification of the CALCRIM No. 400 instructions forfeited any claim of error?


California, United States of America

Is a motion denying a motion for a new trial an appeal or is it not an appeal?


California, United States of America

Does res judicata apply in real estate disciplinary proceedings?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an independent officer under section 22 of the New York State Constitution?


"New York", United States of America

Are injuries that are divisible for the purpose of determining the extent of liability of a single defendant in a motor vehicle accident?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there a presumption of undue influence between a parent and adult child in a property transaction?


British Columbia, Canada

Is Fiorillo a "major role" in the crime against which he was convicted?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for disqualification of counsel in a civil proceeding?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a charge of false imprisonment in a criminal case?


Saskatchewan, Canada

How have courts interpreted the doctrine of vagueness in the context of criminal legislation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a misrepresentation in a real estate contract?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a prison grievance procedure confer any substantive right upon inmates?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How has the court considered the economic impact of a recession on a plaintiff's employment prospects?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for disclosure of personal information?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a hospital can refuse to close its doors to its patients?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for admissible evidence in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the burden of proof against a defendant who has refused to cooperate with the prosecution?


"New York", United States of America

What is the Attorney General's response to a Notice of Appeal?


California, United States of America