Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
Is gang evidence admissible and necessary to prove the allegation of criminal gang membership?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a finding that a judge failed to address himself to certain relevant evidence?
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
Is a course of criminal conduct divisible and therefore gives rise to more than one act within the meaning of section 654?
California, United States of America
Is a search warrant issued pursuant to a lawful search warrant subject to a suppression hearing?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for whether a crime is a lesser included crime of another crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing prejudice on a claim of ineffective assistance of counsel?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where a judge has found an error on a motion to dismiss a motion for wrongful dismissal?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a finding or finding in a personal injury case will not be set aside on appeal?
California, United States of America
What are the reasons given in this family law case?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a witness cross-examining a witness in open court cross-examination be directed to write in the open court?
California, United States of America
Is a party required to produce a document in the possession of a non-party entity?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In a personal injury case, in what circumstances will a defendant not testify?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving material fact in a motion?
California, United States of America
Can a husband make a gift to his wife?
British Columbia, Canada
What evidence supports the finding that defendant lacked capacity to stand trial?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a plaintiff in a personal injury action proceed to complain on appeal?
California, United States of America
When is there compelling reason to change the status quo pending trial?
Ontario, Canada
What is the scope of a vexatious litigant order?
British Columbia, Canada
Does resistance by force or violence violate section 69 of the California Penal Code?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a plaintiff be able to call 10 expert witnesses?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of review for denying an application for admission to a university?
California, United States of America
Is a spontaneous statement admissible under the hearsay rule?
California, United States of America
What is the statute of limitations on a state prisoner habeas petition?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a party have a prima facie right to see documents in a civil proceeding?
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
In a sexual assault case, in what circumstances is substantial evidence supporting a jury's determination of guilt?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to convict a person for a planned assault that turned into a fatal bludgeoning?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a judgment or order of a lower court is presumed correct on appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a defendant to establish murder by lying in wait?
California, United States of America
Can a statement of claim be struck where there is no reasonable cause of action?
Ontario, Canada
What is the difference between a "secondary victim" and a "first victim"?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law on loss of earnings pension entitlement for a plaintiff who sustained a ruptured sprain in a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for probable cause in a search warrant application?
California, United States of America
Does a jury's misconduct in a jury trial prejudice a defendant who refused to take the witness stand because the jury did not want to hear from him?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted the principle of equal protection when it comes to providing trial transcripts for indigent defendants on appeal?
California, United States of America
When is punishment imposed on a defendant who has committed a criminal offence for a third time under the Three Strikes Law?
California, United States of America
Does the Prisoner have to exhaust all his administrative remedies under the Prison Policy Review Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for overturning a conviction for sexual assault on the grounds of insufficient or insufficient evidence?
California, United States of America
What contribution should a child make to her own education?
Ontario, Canada
What is the range of deductions for lost years in a personal injury case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law on the privilege of psychotherapist-patient privilege?
California, United States of America
Can an individual damages action be brought against a pending class action for injunctive relief?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How has the Access Policy been interpreted in the context of a constitutional challenge?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a prosecutorial misconduct in a civil case has been called into question?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is it a crime to accept money to conceal evidence of a crime?
California, United States of America
Under what circumstances will an officer be found to have been lawfully engaged in performance of duty at the time of resistance?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a court to grant complete relief in a declaratory judgment action?
California, United States of America
What is the test for disqualification under section 201 of the Municipal Act?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for judicial discretion in marriage cases?
California, United States of America
What is the authority of a trial court to discharge a juror?
California, United States of America
What is the test for dismissing a special circumstance finding?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving an error in a judgment?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether the prosecution sustained its burden of proving the elements of a sentence enhancement beyond a reasonable doubt?
California, United States of America
What are the factors used by the courts in deciding whether to order supervised access?
Ontario, Canada
What is the difference between a civil commitment hearing and a criminal commitment hearing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a defendant's sentence reduced de novo because it was based on a sentencing range that was subsequently reduced by the sentencing commission?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the difference between charges of falsification and falsification of income tax returns?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for bringing a claim under section 1983 of the Federal Civil Rights Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What authority does the court have on applications to vary custody orders under the Divorce Act?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a non-profit organization be considered a public interest?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the elements of alternative two wherein: (1) the existing policy or practice created an unreasonable risk of the Eighth Amendment injury?
California, United States of America
What is the test for merger in real estate law?
Prince Edward Island, Canada
Can a construction lien claim against a non-party under the Construction Lien Act?
Ontario, Canada
Is there any case law where a defendant has argued that the underlying felonies, such as burglary and robbery, had ended before the victim was killed?
California, United States of America
What is the scope of the search of items that may be the object of a search in a lawful arrest?
California, United States of America
Is a failure by a corporation to meet statutory notice requirements a remedy for improperly notified shareholders?
Alberta, Canada
What constitutes deprivation of property without due process of law?
MultiRegion, United States of America
When will a litigation guardian be appointed?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a solicitor have authority to bind a client to the terms of settlement?
British Columbia, Canada
Can appellant appeal against section 654 of the Penal Code for sexual assault against a minor?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to find a defendant guilty of murder of the first or second degree?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted the meaning of the purpose and effect of the legislation?
Manitoba, Canada
Is a defendant entitled to an instruction on the consequences of a verdict of not guilty by reason of insanity?
California, United States of America
What is the test for insufficiency of evidence in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a plaintiff be able to claim damages under Section 90 of the California Civil Code?
California, United States of America
What constitutes a "frivolous" motion or pleading?
California, United States of America
What are the factors used to determine suspicious circumstances in the making of a will?
Alberta, Canada
What is the difference between a party's failure to comply with deadlines and discovery obligations to a plaintiff in a personal injury case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the consequences of prosecutorial misconduct?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining the reliability of information provided by a confidential informant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a claim for violation of the Fourth Amendment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts dealt with the revocation of conjugal visitation privileges?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of a motion to dismiss a complaint for medical malpractice pending arbitration?
California, United States of America
Does a reasonable doubt instruction need to be reviewed de novo?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a motion without notice have an obligation to be fair?
Ontario, Canada
What is the impact of the absence of protective legal advice on a claim for personal injury?
Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
How have severance pay been treated in the context of determining child support?
Nova Scotia, Canada
Is there any case law where a defendant fires at a passenger who is standing in front of a police officer?
California, United States of America
Is there an exception (b) to the rule against the compellability of opinion evidence?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for an employer to enforce a restrictive covenant?
Alberta, Canada
Does the parol evidence rule apply to the construction of Indian treaties?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Does a defendant have a constitutional right to present a defense based on third party culpability evidence that shows only a motive or opportunity to commit a crime?
California, United States of America
What is the presumption that a new law lessening criminal punishment or reducing criminal liability applies to all cases not yet final on appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for accepting expert evidence at trial?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a cautionary instruction need to be given to the jury that a witness is in custody?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a burglary committed by entering a separate dwelling space constitutes a separate burglary?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances would the exclusionary rule be applied to suppress a rifle found in defendant's bedroom?
California, United States of America
Is a judge required to recuse himself from hearing cases?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal test for reducing a conviction to a lesser included crime?
California, United States of America
What is the range of general damages for a plaintiff who sustained a fractured skull in a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there any case law where a trial court provided conflicting instructions that effectively negated one of the elements necessary to convict a defendant of arranging a meeting with a minor for lewd purposes?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a board of directors to determine contractual rights?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the impact of Proposition 47 on the criminal code?
California, United States of America
Is there any liability for failure to send Bogdan elsewhere?
Saskatchewan, Canada
How have the courts interpreted a contract requiring a party to sell their jointly owned land?
California, United States of America
What is the test for reasonableness of a police officer’s decision to detain a man?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for a motion to suppress an alleged illegal search and seizure?
California, United States of America
Is a wife deemed to be deserted when she is living apart from her husband?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Can a private litigant without standing to enforce a statutory regime of general application?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a binding settlement agreement between counsel and plaintiff need to be enforceable?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for making a finding under section 290.006 of the California Sex Offences Act?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a defendant be barred from using a stairway and landing on a plaintiff's land?
Ontario, Canada
What is the current state of the law on racketeering?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can an incorporated agreement containing provisions allowing variation on a material change in circumstances be incorporated into an order?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for a motion to compel discovery of confidential materials in a peace officer personnel file?
California, United States of America
What is the test for reasonable suspicion and probable cause determinations de novo?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can an attorney recover out-of-pocket expenses that would normally be charged to a fee paying client?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the difference between an action and a similar action?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a relocation on an interim basis should be permitted?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a defendant has a propensity to commit sexual acts?
California, United States of America
What is the test for section 694(a) of the California Highway Traffic Code when a vehicle is too large for the roadway?
California, United States of America
Is there a presumption of validity with respect to a sworn affidavit supporting a search warrant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is discovery required in a motion to dismiss?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a defendant have multiple criminal objectives independent of and not merely incidental to each other for purposes of section 654 of the Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
What are some cases involving a 10 year old boy who, while assisting in threshing, is injured in an incident?
Manitoba, Canada
Does a chambers judge's decision that all matters proceed at one time, rather than two, be considered to be separate?
Prince Edward Island, Canada
What is the test for a motion for judgment notwithstanding a finding of not guilty?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a right of counsel in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for the sufficiency of evidence of a criminal conviction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is RK's criminal convictions sufficient to constitute a legitimate basis for JK's subjective fears?
Ontario, Canada
Can a tort action be brought against the Administrator of the Department of Health and Social Security for allegedly misusing the discretionary act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any discrepancies between the victim's version of events and the video of the crime?
California, United States of America
Does the Court of Appeal have any authority or authority to overturn a support order made by a trial judge?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a motion for judgment of acquittal under section 1118.1?
California, United States of America
Does section 654 of the California Criminal Code require a defendant to be punished for each violation committed in pursuit of one objective?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether an employment relationship exists?
California, United States of America
What is the test for post-conviction relief in the context of federal habeas corpus?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the scope of the opinion in the 9th Circuit regarding the right to carry concealed handguns?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of the Miranda warning on a defendant?
California, United States of America
What are some common-sense signs of intoxication?
California, United States of America
Does the Attorney General have a say in the case of a defendant's representation by the Public Defender's Office?
California, United States of America
Can a prosecutor who described the defense case as "ludicrous," "contrived" and "bogus" in his arguments to the jury use improper or improper language?
California, United States of America
What are the causes of action alleged in the amended statement of claim?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for overriding the terms of a certificate?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for establishing a common issue in a class action?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the quantification of loss of weight for the purposes of quantifying loss?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of a sheriff's deputy making a threat to the victim of a shooting?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a person committed multiple crimes at the same time?
California, United States of America
What is the test for sustaining a burden of proof beyond a reasonable doubt?
California, United States of America
Does a defendant need to request an instruction of a lesser included offence?
California, United States of America
What constitutes ineffective assistance to the court in granting probation to a defendant?
California, United States of America
What is the test for certifying a sworn or affirmed report?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a search conducted pursuant to a probation search condition violate the Fourth Amendment?
California, United States of America
Can a plaintiff avoid the application of the anti-SLAPP statute by not alleging any statutory violation?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a motion to strike out a statement of claim?
Prince Edward Island, Canada
What is the test for removing taint from evidence obtained directly as a result of unlawful police conduct?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making an amended complaint in a personal injury case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for novation in a contract?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for a jury to convict a man of the murder of his wife?
California, United States of America
Does Defendant have any grounds to argue that the Court's recent rulings in a civil case against the Defendant violated the Defendant's civil rights?
California, United States of America
What is the test for granting an independent examination under Rule 30(2) of the Rules of Civil Procedure?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the definition of discrimination in human rights cases?
Saskatchewan, Canada
For the purposes of a search warrant, can the search warrant be used in the search of a defendant's automobile, at the police station and some time after his arrest?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a charge of felony murder?
California, United States of America
What are the guiding principles in apportioning costs?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a plaintiff in a personal injury action against the executrix of a deceased's estate testify before the death of the deceased?
California, United States of America
Can an employer be held liable for misrepresentation when there is no cause?
British Columbia, Canada
Is evidence of a prior false allegation of rape admissible in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
Does a parent have standing to bring a claim against their child?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the current income of the payor spouse for child support under the Child Support Guidelines?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for informed consent in medical malpractice cases?
Ontario, Canada
Does the doctrine of qualified immunity apply to a government official who is accused of making a mistake of law, error of law or error of fact?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a party seeking reimbursement for section 7 expenses required to provide a Statement of Expenses?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the test for a motion before trial for the sale of a jointly owned family farm?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for sufficiency of pleadings in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for medical opinions in a disability case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the burden of proof for a Minister to make a reassessment outside of the normal reassessment period?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test to apply at a Presentation Hearing?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a judge extend the term of a sentence in a civil case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What rights does an accused have to a fair trial?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the burden on a taxpayer to prove that they are entitled to business expenses that are not taxed as income?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining the reasonableness of an application fee?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plaintiff amend the statement of claim to assert constructive dismissal damages?
Ontario, Canada
Is there any evidence of deliberate refusal to follow the instructions of the jury in the case of Perez?
California, United States of America
Is there a risk that the assessment will be used to prejudice the client?
Prince Edward Island, Canada
Is a telegraph operator liable for negligence in sending a telegram in the name of a third party?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What factors are considered in determining whether a witness is truthful or accurate?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a restrictive covenant enforceable?
Alberta, Canada
Is there any case law where a trial counsel improperly elicited evidence from defence witnesses in cross-examination?
Ontario, Canada
What is the obligation of a firearms officer to contact the applicant before making a decision on a licence application?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a judge be found to have made inappropriate or prejudicial remarks at trial?
California, United States of America
Can a jury be instructed as to the definition of "life without possibility of parole"?
California, United States of America
What are the grounds for reversal of a finding that appellant was sane at the time of the convicted crimes?
California, United States of America
To what extent can italicized words in the section of the California Civil Rights Act?
California, United States of America
What is the test for inference drawing?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there a defense that would support a finding that the offense was less than charged?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts treated a motion to withdraw a guilty plea in a sexual assault case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
When will the defense make a motion to close the case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a motion is a writ proceeding?
California, United States of America
Is a client entitled to a reasonable market rate for counsel's services?
California, United States of America
What is the test for abuse of discretion in denying an asylum application?
MultiRegion, United States of America
