Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
What is the current interpretation of the word "reasonable excuse" at trial?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for striking a strike on a conviction for violent crime?
California, United States of America
Can lump sum maintenance be paid to a single parent in Canada?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a federal court grant habeas relief to a claim adjudicated on the merits in a state court?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the absence of a mitigating factor in a motor vehicle accident constitute an aggravating circumstance?
California, United States of America
What is the test for having standing in a motion to obtain injunctive relief to prevent the collection of a personal injury tax?
California, United States of America
Is a defendant permitted to maintain a "no liability" position?
Ontario, Canada
What circumstances will police officers stop pedestrians and motorists on the streets if they suspect that they are intoxicated?
California, United States of America
Can an action commenced within the limitation period by an administrator ad litem be cured?
Alberta, Canada
Does the Federal Trade Association waiver of sovereign immunity apply to a plaintiff in a motor vehicle accident?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the prosecution have to prove voluntariness beyond a reasonable doubt?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where the date of a marriage separation was determined on exceptional circumstances?
Alberta, Canada
Is a defendant liable for a crime if the victim has a history of mental health issues?
California, United States of America
Does a police officer have a duty to prevent a pedestrian from running into a group of pedestrians?
California, United States of America
Does a driver have a presumption of negligence in a motor vehicle accident where, at the time of the collision, the driver was asleep at the wheel?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a defendant's right to access is substantially impaired?
California, United States of America
How have courts dealt with the insufficiency of evidence contention?
California, United States of America
Does a plaintiff have to abandon contentions of error regarding the dismissal of a cause of action by failing to raise or address the contentions in their appeal?
California, United States of America
How have sections 667 and 1192.7(c) of the California Criminal Code been interpreted in the context of prior felony convictions?
California, United States of America
What is the test for unlawful possession of a controlled substance for sale?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances can a jury overturn a conviction for possession of cocaine base for sale?
California, United States of America
Can a judge change or modify a lawful sentence after Rule 35 of the Criminal Code has expired?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for discrimination under s. 15 of the Charter?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What are the general damages for a plaintiff who sustained injuries to his back, neck, back and neck as a result of a tort feasor's actions?
Ontario, Canada
What are the elements of a cause of action for negligence?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the appellants be able to rely on the two-witness rule under Section 1001 of the Criminal Code?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does arresting and interrogating a suspect pursuant to a valid arrest warrant violate any constitutional right?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a verbal representation as to the roadworthiness of a car before the hire purchase agreement is signed?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for establishing a loss of profits in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for indemnification under section 317 of the California Corporations Act?
California, United States of America
Does a waiver of Miranda have to be made with a full awareness of the nature of the Miranda right being abandoned?
California, United States of America
What factors were considered to have rendered defendant's plea coerced?
California, United States of America
Can a default judgment be issued against a defendant who fails to respond to a summons and complaint?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a criminal suspect who assaulted an identified police officer down the stairs and continues to assault the officer after he has been arrested?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for dismissing an action for failure to state any claims under section 1983?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a juristic reason in a claim for wrongful enrichment?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law in relation to disclosure of personal information of a spouse?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the test for a jury to find a prison official deliberately indifferent to a prisoner's medical needs?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a reporter's transcript or abstract of judgment need to be obtained in this case?
California, United States of America
Can a claim of conscientious objection be used as a defense in a prosecution for refusing to submit to induction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts treated a defendant's argument that the parties intended to make a severable contract with four promissory notes?
California, United States of America
How have the courts dealt with allegations of harassment and harassment in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for estoppel on the facts?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law in relation to the publication of a manual of a beneficiary's social security claim?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a defendant to be convicted of burglary in the first degree?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will the jury be instructed that the crime of first degree murder requires unanimous agreement on a particular theory of murder?
California, United States of America
Is a district court's decision to deny an evidentiary hearing reviewed for abuse of power?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the consequences of the pleadings?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a finding that a defendant consented to a search?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted Calcim No. 376 of the Criminal Code for the purpose of instructing a jury not to infer guilt from a defendant's conscious possession of recently stolen goods?
California, United States of America
Does a juror have to be excused from a jury for failing to follow their instructions?
California, United States of America
What is the test for quantifying loss in a personal injury action?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the obligation of each spouse to support the other spouse in common law?
Ontario, Canada
Does a jury find that appellant personally used a firearm during the commission of the crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for distinguishing latent from patent defects?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a plaintiff recover interest costs incurred by MRL scans?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the qualifying words "may reasonably become" in a disability policy apply to a plaintiff?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for summary judgment in a family law case?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a motor vehicle accident is an accident or an accident?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for restitution in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What are the conditions of probation under section 1203.03.1 of the California Penal Code?
California, United States of America
Can a landlord be held liable for failing to notify a tenant of a breach of the warranty of habitability?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for proving an allegation of sexual assault against a defendant other than the one with which they are charged?
California, United States of America
Can a motion for a new trial based on newly discovered evidence be reviewed for abuse of discretion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances will a defendant be found guilty of two counts of sexual assault?
California, United States of America
Does a pro se litigant have to follow the same procedure as a non-profit plaintiff?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for issuing a building permit for a plan for a retaining wall based on a rough sketch?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a prosecutor's decision not to seek the death penalty render the law unconstitutionally vague or arbitrary?
California, United States of America
When will a court refuse to appoint counsel for a plaintiff because of exceptional circumstances?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does an irrevocable license need to be in place?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a court's refusal to permit the filing of a second amended complaint?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of resuming a sentence for a theft?
California, United States of America
Can a plaintiff plead a redundant cause of action?
California, United States of America
When will a court accept a criminal defendant's admission of a prior conviction?
California, United States of America
What is the consequence of a failure to respond to a request for a supplemental brief?
California, United States of America
Is a jury admonished against discussing, reading or listening to media accounts or visiting the scene of the crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for calculating costs under the California Civil Procedure Act?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an aider and abettor to be found guilty of a crime committed by a group of burglars?
California, United States of America
Can a plaintiff overturn the adverse judgment entered on her first amended complaint?
California, United States of America
When Pizzuto files his initial federal habeas corpus petition, does he have to return to state court to exhaust all of his post-conviction claims?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are some cases where a defendant failed to provide a transcript of a hearing for attorney fees under Section 12965?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where the error in admitting or denying a witness's testimony was harmless?
California, United States of America
How have courts treated the issue of vindictiveness in a case such as this?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to be instructed on a defense supported by minimal and insubstantial evidence?
California, United States of America
How have the courts dealt with a stockholders' derivative action?
California, United States of America
What is the objective test for establishing that a party's conduct in litigating a suit was without foundation?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a common-law relationship be broken up?
British Columbia, Canada
Can Pembina be held vicariously liable for the actions of Secure?
Alberta, Canada
In what circumstances will the district court allow a motion to certify a class action under the bad faith exception to be reserved pending disposition of motions to dismiss the amended complaint?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a defendant to refuse to contest an action?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of review for a finding that Pugh was not a government agent at the suppression hearing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for patent unreasonableness?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the legal test for an action for nullity?
British Columbia, Canada
How has the First Amendment been interpreted in the context of a tax exemption for a church?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on time spent by counsel in litigation?
Ontario, Canada
Can a defendant be found guilty of theft if he committed acts of force and intimidation, including binding the victim, sodomizing her, and stabbing her with a screwdriver?
California, United States of America
Is section 669 of the California Code of Civil Procedure applicable to sexual assault cases?
California, United States of America
From defendant's possession, can a jury infer defendant knew the vehicle was stolen?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of section 656 of the Code of Civil Procedure on a motion for a new trial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for section 654 of the California Criminal Code when a defendant is convicted of a charge under the same section of the same law?
California, United States of America
Is defendant's failure to timely object and request admonishment at trial for most of the alleged misconduct?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a non-custodial parent of a child who is not a custodial parent and who would benefit from the sale of the child's mother's property?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law on the role of defense counsel in determining discovery?
"New York", United States of America
What are the principles governing particulars in medical malpractice cases?
British Columbia, Canada
Does physician-patient privilege protect the interests of the patient?
California, United States of America
What is the test for non-pecuniary damages in a medical malpractice case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of age on finding an alternate employment for an elderly person?
British Columbia, Canada
What is qualified immunity for an arresting officer in a false arrest case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a doctor's claim that he has stated a cause of action for negligent infliction of emotional distress?
California, United States of America
Is a plaintiff's service of a complaint sufficient to trigger the accrual of a defendant's equitable indemnity claim?
California, United States of America
Does the Attorney General's failure to respond to a question in his opening brief implicitly concede to the Defendant?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an insurance company to make a claim for a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a demurrer based on a statute of limitations lie where the action may be but is not necessarily barred?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test used to overturn a criminal gang conviction?
California, United States of America
Is a plaintiff entitled to a claim for past wage loss?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a district court have the authority to proceed to the merits of an appeal where procedural issues are more complex than the merits issue?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have the courts dealt with the use of chains and stun belts in court?
California, United States of America
What is the quantum of damages awarded by a jury in a motor vehicle accident case?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on whether a confession is voluntary?
California, United States of America
What is the test to interpret the California Civil Code of Civil Procedure when it comes to language, history and policy considerations?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a search warrant to search for illegal drugs?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an overt act of attempted murder?
California, United States of America
How has the exclusionary clause in motor vehicle accident insurance been interpreted?
Ontario, Canada
Is privacy a fundamental right under s. 8 of the Charter?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What evidence is required to prove the purpose of the legislation is to infringe aboriginal rights?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a sentence for a section 186.22, subdivision (a) street terrorism crime unconstitutional?
California, United States of America
What is the legal test for intellectual disability?
California, United States of America
What is the law relating to inducement by an employer?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a common law marriage valid in a state that does not recognize common law marriages?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to reach a unanimous verdict?
California, United States of America
Does a suspect not in custody have a right to a lawyer when they are not in police custody?
"New York", United States of America
What is the reasonableness standard for treatment of evidence in medical malpractice cases?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for making a Second Amended Complaint?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances have the courts noted that there are two separate hearings before different hearing boards?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law in the context of a search warrant issued by the US Department of Justice?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is the use of an electronic device to overhear conversation a search under the Fourth Amendment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for reversal of a conviction for false imprisonment?
California, United States of America
Does the Municipal Business Tax Board (MGB) have any jurisdiction to appeal the 2004 business tax assessment for the subject parking facilities?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for responding evidence in a medical malpractice case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for requesting that further proceedings be heard before a trial judge other than the judge whose judgment or order was reviewed by the appellate court?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a search warrant to search a business premises?
California, United States of America
Is a finding of fact by a federal district court reviewable de novo?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for proving causation in a motor vehicle accident?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the response of the BCCA to their objection to the admissibility of the referenced reports?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a judge have to specify his reasons for granting a whole or partial new trial?
California, United States of America
Is resisting arrest a lesser included offense of forcible resistance against an executive officer?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining the severity of a criminal offence?
California, United States of America
What are the elements of adverse possession in common law?
California, United States of America
Does a trial court have to give a jury a specific time limit for its deliberations?
California, United States of America
What is the privilege against self-incrimination when a witness has been granted immunity from prosecution?
California, United States of America
If a pandemic were declared a force majeure, would it have frustrated a contract?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the specific intent issue concerning threats to dissuade a witness from testifying?
California, United States of America
What is the test for compensating for the economic opportunity cost resulting from a joint decision by one spouse to remain at home?
British Columbia, Canada
Does Graff meet the first step of an anti-SLAPP motion?
California, United States of America
What are some cases arising from attorney malpractice and breach of fiduciary duties?
California, United States of America
What constitutes an "attempt" to commit a crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for signing an order dismissing a case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for making an order under Division 6 of the BC Courts respecting relocation?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the requirements for a judge to adjourn three adjournments under the Detainers Act of Ontario?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for alleging that a false statement was included in an affidavit supporting an arrest warrant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the statute of limitations apply to a home loan application?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to grant a new trial based on newly discovered evidence of trial perjury?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of a consent order on the reading of evidence?
Alberta, Canada
What is the legal effect of a guilty plea?
Ontario, Canada
Can a mortgagee assume control over and manage the property?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Is a tenant's right to a jury trial waiver unenforceable?
"New York", United States of America
Is a consensual encounter between a police officer and an individual not a violation of the Fourth Amendment?
California, United States of America
Is section 9(d) of a collective agreement required to include a health and social care plan?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for meeting the threshold burden of a claim in an action brought by a plaintiff in a medical malpractice case?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the Court have to remand for reconsideration of the sentence imposed on some but not all counts?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the leading case on causation in accident benefits cases?
Ontario, Canada
What is the impact of income inequality on entitlement claims?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a jury to acquit a defendant in a sexual assault case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test in which a motion can be brought without prejudice?
Ontario, Canada
What is the burden of making a formal demand for the return of a child from the respondent before the respondent makes a formal request for the child's return?
"New York", United States of America
Does Proposition 47 apply to defendant's conviction for second degree burglary?
California, United States of America
What is the state of the law in relation to sexual assault?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the substantial evidence standard of review for an appeal from a jury trial?
California, United States of America
Does the doctrine of aider and abettor liability fit with the facts of this case?
California, United States of America
Is a demand that is invalid under the Criminal Code valid under the Motor Vehicle Act?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there any reason why a learned trial judge was wrong in treating a counterclaim as admitted?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What are the consequences of a carjacking and recklessly evading a police officer?
California, United States of America
What is the test for adverse treatment in the construction of a new front porch?
Ontario, Canada
In what circumstances will a jury be unable to convict a defendant of a charge of robbery?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving reversible error on appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law in relation to disclosure of confidential and commercially confidential financial information?
Ontario, Canada
What is the history of the Fourth Amendment and what is the case law on the basis of that?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for awarding management fees in a personal injury case?
British Columbia, Canada
What due process rights have been found to apply to civil commitment proceedings?
California, United States of America
Is a claimant required to prove that all or part of the sums received as a result of their dismissal were not earnings?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for determining whether a third party is an intended beneficiary of a contract?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining that a case may or may not be unusual for an abuse of discretion?
California, United States of America
Is there any evidence of deliberate refusal to follow the instructions of the jury in the case of Perez?
California, United States of America
What is the reasonableness standard for a review of a Minister’s decision?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a motion for a new trial based on newly discovered evidence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for First Amendment rights in the context of a workplace discrimination claim?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the meaning of the word "significant"?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for establishing that a judgment or order of a lower court is presumed to be correct on appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for recklessness with the truth?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for ineffective assistance of counsel?
California, United States of America
