Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
What is the difference between a sentence for failure to cooperate and a punishment for refusing to grant leniency?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the burden of proving bias against the trial judge?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the current state of the law on sex offender classification?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances will the BC Supreme Court accept extrinsic evidence in a civil case?
British Columbia, Canada
How have courts dealt with the issue of a beneficiary that had been murdered?
California, United States of America
In a motor vehicle accident, can a 26 year old woman resume full-time employment after suffering from chronic neck and shoulder pain?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for paying spousal support in a long-term disability case?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for a court to consider a mother's application to move to Canada?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a garnishee have an attachable debt?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for negligent misstatement?
Ontario, Canada
What are the grounds for a personal injury claim brought by a plaintiff against a company called Dot?
Ontario, Canada
Can a party rely on a condition which was added after the formation of a contract?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Does a federal law which allows letter carriers to take a short cut across a homeowner's lawn preclude a city from insisting upon due notice to adjoining property owners?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law in which two conspiracy theories under the same statute constitute the same offense?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the onus on the parties seeking to sell a property?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a certificate of probable cause in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for appealing from an interlocutory order?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for a finding of insufficient evidence in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a certificate of appealability to appeal a district court's denial of a habeas petition?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action under a lease agreement?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for a motion for mistrial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for unanimously determining whether a defendant is guilty of first degree murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for admissible evidence of prior criminal activity?
California, United States of America
Where a rule of decisional law is enunciated as an application of previously existing principle, must it be applied in all open cases?
California, United States of America
Does the arrest of a man who was sitting in a hangar at a private hangar violate his civil rights?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the Attorney General have sufficient evidence to prove force for purposes of robbery?
California, United States of America
Does the Special Master of the Civilian Court have any authority or authority to issue an Executive Order requiring the Attorney General to produce copies of the Order in writing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a life sentence before eligibility for parole a violation of section 3046 of the California Criminal Code?
California, United States of America
Can reasonable doubt be compared to an "everyday" experience?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal test for appeal against a special costs award?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the burden of proof against a defendant for a prior offence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a probable cause determination under section 825 of the Civil Code of Civil Procedure?
California, United States of America
What is the test for variation application under section 17 of the Child Support Act?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What authority does the court have in determining whether an agreement is valid and binding?
California, United States of America
What is the test for damages for loss of capacity to complete homemaking tasks?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the current state of the law on how to prove that a defendant obtained credit card numbers from a credit card skimmer?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a mental health condition imposed by a federal district court for a convicted rapist is to be reduced to a conditional discharge?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for denying a person a right to exercise their freedom of speech?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts in Canada dealt with a claim for delay in determining whether or not to dismiss the claim for wrongful death due to the long delay?
Manitoba, Canada
In what circumstances will the court grant sole custody to the mother of the children?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for determining whether an employee can claim workers' compensation for a medical malpractice?
California, United States of America
Does the Commissioner have any authority or authority to levy taxes on funds received without any contemporaneous recognition of the obligation to repay?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the Court of Appeal have any authority to intervene in an application for support or maintenance?
Nova Scotia, Canada
What is the test for unanimous verdict in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Does a determination of the quantity of narcotics involved in a criminal case have to be determined by the Court of Appeal?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any difference between child and spousal support?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a prison officer have a duty to protect inmates from violence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is relevant evidence in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Is a trial court's error in instructing a jury to consider all the elements of a criminal offence reversible per se?
California, United States of America
Can a plaintiff obtain special costs for having to respond to an application?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a search conducted by federal agents during the execution of a search warrant affect privacy or property interests?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does section 820.8 of the California Highway Patrol Commissioner's liability for misconduct of a subordinate employee in a motor vehicle accident apply to him?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a motion to withdraw from a personal injury action?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How has the court treated a pro-separation complaint drafted by a lawyer for personal injury?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for standing to bring a claim against a third party beneficiary?
California, United States of America
Does Tardif have a remedy for denial of medical treatment in her complaint?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the rationale for a court's decision not to award prejudgment interest?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the standard factors for determining damages for defamation?
Alberta, Canada
Is a Minister required to provide reasons for his decision?
Alberta, Canada
Is a defendant's presence required when evidence is taken before the trier of fact?
California, United States of America
How have the courts in the United States and Canada treated the issue of age discrimination in the hiring of bus drivers?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for estoppel in the context of misleading a reasonable man?
Alberta, Canada
What is the burden of proving that identification procedures used at trial were unduly suggestive?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for a claim under Section 20(a) of the Securities Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a denial of a right to a fair hearing invalid?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the impact of the Sixth Amendment on a defendant's right to a complete defense?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How has the jury considered the jury's instructions in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for relying on inconsistent statements in a civil case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the range of damages for loss of homemaking capacity in a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
Are there any cases where an employee was awarded an aggravated dismissal award?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances have courts found insufficient corroboration of the testimony of an accomplice in a murder case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for exclusion of evidence in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
Under what circumstances would the jury have understood that a defendant committed one of the acts listed in the great bodily injury instruction?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of sentencing in a federal criminal case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a brief detention under the Fourth Amendment reasonable?
California, United States of America
What is the test for denying a motion for a new trial while the case is on appeal?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for mental illness of mood disorder?
Saskatchewan, Canada
How have we dealt with the issue of personal injury in a personal injury appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law in the context of a search and seizure?
California, United States of America
Is post crime behavior considered in mitigation of a sentence?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant challenge the voluntariness of his confession under the Miranda Rule?
California, United States of America
Does a statement of reasons need to be provided?
California, United States of America
What is the capital asset approach when dealing with a plaintiff?
British Columbia, Canada
Is counsel not obliged to undertake a futile or frivolous action on behalf of a client?
California, United States of America
What is the test for an aggravated damages claim brought by a cattle farmer who was denied access to the Canadian-owned cattle farm because of the closure of the border?
Ontario, Canada
Can a defendant admit a probation violation and waive the revocation hearing?
California, United States of America
What is the liability of the owner of a parcel of land where a neighbour set fire to his property?
Alberta, Canada
Is there any case law where an error prevented a witness from testifying?
California, United States of America
What is the difference between a manufacturer's tax and a manufacturing tax?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of verbal abuse and intimidation between the parties in joint custody?
Ontario, Canada
What is the class definition for clients who are not provable?
Ontario, Canada
Does a defendant have a duty to correct a section 654 error on appeal?
California, United States of America
Is there an evidentiary hearing on a motion to dismiss an indictment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining confidential information from a solicitor?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for substantial evidence in the context of review for the purpose of establishing that substantial evidence?
California, United States of America
Does a court have discretion to enter default judgment against a party after the clerk has entered the party's default?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for presenting a cause of action for personal injury against a local public entity?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of improper communications between counsel and jury?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for an agreement to be made between a party and party to a contract?
Ontario, Canada
Does the Attorney General have the authority to instruct a jury to consider the evidence for propensity purposes?
California, United States of America
What is sufficient evidence to prove that a defendant intended to commit and/or aid and abet a robbery in association with a gang member?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of Li v. Yellow Cab's rule of pure comparative negligence on multiple parties?
California, United States of America
Does a court have jurisdiction to award a share of a commission for a sale of a property where there was no dispute between the parties at the time of the transaction?
California, United States of America
What is the test for pre-judgment interest in assessing damages for breach of contract?
Alberta, Canada
Is abuse of discretion a standard of review?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant be found guilty of aiding and abetting a crime?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the relevant factors for determining whether either of two possible jurisdictions would be suitable for the determination of issues raised by the litigation at issue?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there any case law where a judge misstatements were found to be "minor aberrations in a prolonged trial"?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What constitutes a "lewd or lascivious act" for the purposes of section 288.2 of the California Penal Code?
California, United States of America
What are the factors used to determine whether a motion for leave to amend is successful?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can each of the parties to the elder abuse claim be joined to the counterclaim under Rule 20 of the Elderly Abuse Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of the death of a party in a divorce action?
California, United States of America
What is the test for probable cause for arrest when investigating drug dealing?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a valid cause of action?
California, United States of America
What is the standard of proof for a defence of fraud and arson in a civil action?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of a declaratory judgment action against an insurance company prior to the main trial?
"New York", United States of America
What are the consequences of coerced confessions?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does immoveable vehicle defeat the presumption in a motor vehicle accident case?
Ontario, Canada
Does a plaintiff have a claim for prejudgment interest on an amount awarded during the appraisal process?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to suppress?
California, United States of America
What is the test for pleading guilty in a personal injury case?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for abuse of discretion in a motion to reopen a criminal case?
California, United States of America
Does the litigation privilege exist to protect an expert witness from future litigation?
California, United States of America
Does a fiduciary obligation to act on behalf of and for the benefit of another party constitute a joint venture, partnership, or agency?
California, United States of America
What remedies are available if a party refuses to obey an order made on motion?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for establishing substantial movement for a substantial distance in a kidnapping case?
California, United States of America
Is an affidavit that fails to provide any evidence indicating why an informant is "honest" or "reliable" insufficient to support probable cause?
California, United States of America
What is the test for withdrawing a defense?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of a previous order dismissing a procedural due process claim in relation to the deduction of funds from federal benefits received by the Class?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a search and arrest for illegal possession of PCP result in a charge of constructive possession of the drug being brought against an individual?
California, United States of America
What is the test for liability when a defendant is found to have intended to injure someone with intent which is tortious or even criminal intent?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion for a mistrial?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining a certificate of probable cause to enter a plea of no contest?
California, United States of America
What constitutes deliberate indifference in a motor vehicle accident?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there any case law supporting a claim of intentional indifference in the context of inadequate housing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can an act or omission be punished under either the Criminal Code or the Penal Code?
California, United States of America
Does Title VII give rise to common law remedies?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What factors are considered in determining whether a person with severe depression should be found dead?
Ontario, Canada
How does the Second Amendment protect ammunition?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to extend the trial of a witness?
California, United States of America
What is the test to prove that a defendant killed or conspired to kill in furtherance of a drug conspiracy?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for prejudgment interest in a wrongful death claim?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to reduce sentence for abuse of discretion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to suspend or disbarred an attorney who has previously been admitted to the bar?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does a preliminary hearing need to be held where a parolee has been revoked on the basis of a parole violation charge?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a plaintiff in a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
How does section 521 of the California Code of Civil Procedure apply?
California, United States of America
Does the US Constitution bar the federal courts from intervening in the conduct of foreign relations?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is retroactive child support relevant to a retroactive spousal support claim?
British Columbia, Canada
When will the court order consolidation of two separate actions?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a motion for a new trial insufficient to preserve the issue of prosecutorial misconduct?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will an informer be permitted to record a conversation in which a defendant is not present?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a medical malpractice case?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the deficiencies in the testimony of the victim's nephew and the expert witness?
California, United States of America
Does a defendant who fails to contest a booking fee when the court imposes it forfeits the right to challenge it on appeal?
California, United States of America
Is a person's intent not used up when it is used to convict them of murder?
California, United States of America
What is the test for finding an employer to be liable for sexual harassment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for quiet title and the statute of limitations?
California, United States of America
Does section 1203 of the California Penal Code require the perpetrator to either assault or batter the complainant with a firearm?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to challenge the sufficiency of an indictment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a defendant be proven guilty of conspiracy even if they do not know all the details of the conspiracy?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is there a fine line that can divide a significant or substantial injury from an injury that does not quite meet the description?
California, United States of America
Is there a duty on counsel to counsel in high conflict cases?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for admitting evidence that does not contain a criminal conviction for impeachment purposes?
California, United States of America
What is the test for reasonable searches of electronic devices in a search warrant?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a plaintiff bring a claim of retaliation against an employee who investigated the complaint?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a delay in informing the public of their military readiness is to be counted against them?
"New York", United States of America
What is the impact of delay in applying for a conditional discharge?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a district court's imposition of probation conditions an abuse of discretion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the burden of proving there is a criminal street gang?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a reasonable attorney's fee?
California, United States of America
What role does a lawyer have in a search?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What are the factors used by the Court to determine whether a person charged with a serious drug offence should not be released from a maximum security prison?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does an escrow agent have a contractual duty to follow the escrow agreement?
"New York", United States of America
In an appeal to the 9th Circuit, how have the courts dealt with the issue of abuse of leave?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts reversed a judgment of dismissal under section 583 of the Code of Civil Procedure?
California, United States of America
Can a finding of fact be reversed if the finding was based on a palpable and overriding error?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is a constructive trust in real estate?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for good faith reliance on boundary errors?
Ontario, Canada
Is res ipsa loquitur no longer the law in Canada?
British Columbia, Canada
What are the consequences of a prosecutor's remarks in the first three segments of a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for reversal of a Rule 50(b) motion for judgment as a matter of law?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the standard of review apply to a motion for injunctive relief?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a stay of appeal?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances can a state prisoner bring a civil rights action under Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for appeal against a motion judge’s costs order?
Ontario, Canada
Are there any federal or state-law claims?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of mobility restrictions on a parent who lives in different locations?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test to prove motive in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a school's right to prohibit the sale of illegal drugs in the grounds of its primary school?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the effect of relying on a decision of the BC Supreme Court of Justice Willcock in a motion for a video deposition of an expert?
British Columbia, Canada
What constitutes prosecutorial misconduct in a criminal case?
California, United States of America
What is the impact of a party's failure or refusal to disclose their financial circumstances to the court?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for giving a person a gift?
Alberta, Canada
What is the standard of review for a claim of errors in a question of law?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for determining whether a motel is liable to a restaurant that leases parking spaces from the motel?
British Columbia, Canada
How have courts interpreted the phrase "entitled to sick leave"?
California, United States of America
What is the scope of a section 2(2) of the Human Rights Act, section 3(4) and section 4(5) of The Queen’s Speech to the House of Representatives on the issue of same sex discrimination?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for defamatory meaning in the context of an allegation of mental illness?
California, United States of America
Is a parent of two children in a children's home charged with attempted murder?
California, United States of America
