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Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


What is the current exchange rate for an action for an account?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Can the Crown prevent the Applicant from cross-examining him regarding his criminal convictions?


Ontario, Canada

What is the definition of "property damage" in the terms of the Personal Injury Policy?


California, United States of America

How have courts dealt with an evidentiary objection to "were they lying" questions?


California, United States of America

What are the elements of the greater and lesser offenses of assault and mayhem?


California, United States of America

Is a statement of specific facts do not warrant habeas relief?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law in relation to Bemore's case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a disbarred judge continue to hold office?


California, United States of America

Is there an obligation to share equally tax obligations which had occurred before or after the date of separation?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the current state of the law on fiduciary duty?


British Columbia, Canada

When is a crime committed and when it is complete?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law where the trial court turned its back to defense expert during his testimony?


California, United States of America

What is the test for adding "extra fact" to the facts of a prior conviction for the same crime?


California, United States of America

What is the test for constructive possession and actual possession of a firearm?


California, United States of America

Does a jury have a duty to determine liability to a bystander who observes another person being injured?


California, United States of America

What is the relevant evidentiary issue in a sexual assault and prostitution case?


Ontario, Canada

Can alternate prices be included in a contract?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for second degree murder based on implied malice?


California, United States of America

Can Allstate extend the limitation period in a personal injury action?


Ontario, Canada

Does the term "testimony" apply to statements made under oath?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a claim of negligence in a motor vehicle accident?


Nova Scotia, Canada

What are the appellate courts' options when confronted with conflicting evidence on an unresolved question of fact?


California, United States of America

Is there a limitation on the amount of restitution ordered under section 1202.4 of the California Criminal Code when it is discovered that there may be additional claims for victim restitution in the future?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant can be held liable for the physical and sexual abuse of a minor?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for applying the Finality Rule?


California, United States of America

What is the test for whether a party has shown a repeated failure to cure deficiencies by amendments previously allowed?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the limitation of damages under the Fatal Accidents Act?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for determining credibility issues in a civil case?


California, United States of America

What is the scope of examination for discovery under the current BCSC Rules?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the implications of a non-disclosure agreement between two parties?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the duty owed by a mortgagee to a mortgagor?


Alberta, Canada

What is the standard of proof in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for discrimination on the basis of "creed"?


Ontario, Canada

Does the fact that a complaint may raise issues of credibility in the context of an application to dismiss be grounds for dismissal?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether there is evidence of second degree burglary in an attached garage case?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the Three Strikes statute?


California, United States of America

What is sufficient evidence to convict a defendant in a civil case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does spousal support continue to be relevant?


New Brunswick, Canada

When will a judge order an order to vacate and set aside default defaults?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on death sentences in death penalty cases?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a plaintiff to claim damages for false arrest?


Ontario, Canada

What is the standard of review for a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence to support an enhancement?


California, United States of America

What are the elements of premeditation and deliberation relevant to sustain a verdict of first degree murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining the sufficiency of evidence in a sexual assault case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the proper de novo review of a detention order?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a juror's misstatement of residency constitute prejudicial misconduct?


California, United States of America

What is the presumptive penalty for dishonest and/or fraudulent conduct?


Ontario, Canada

What is the difference between carrying a concealed firearm after a felony conviction and carrying a firearm in a vehicle?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law that supports the argument that full and fair compensation must be paid out for loss and damages as a result of expropriation?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the effect of giving an instruction in a criminal case of felony murder on felony murder?


California, United States of America

How does Rule 12(b)(6) of the Rule of Civil Procedure apply?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a broad and liberal interpretation of the Canadian Electoral Reform Act?


Manitoba, Canada

Can a criminal suspect who assaulted an identified police officer down the stairs and continues to assault the officer after he has been arrested?


"New York", United States of America

Is denial of outdoor exercise for extended periods of time an objectively serious deprivation under the Eighth Amendment?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a motion for severance have to be re-examined on appeal?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for an implied warranty in a contract to install a roof that does not leak?


California, United States of America

Can a medical services arbitration agreement bind the signatory's heir in seeking wrongful death or other cause of action arising from the medical treatment?


California, United States of America

Is removal of a state cause of action improper when it displaces federal law with a federal replacement?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the BC SPCA need to have an oral hearing?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the standard of care and diligence in managing the affairs of a deceased?


Alberta, Canada

What is the position of the two main parties in the House of Commons on the assumption that a Minister of State should be required to provide a statement of support to support a Ministerial assumption?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the impact of a police officer's views on the nature of an interrogation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for forbearance?


Ontario, Canada

Does a substantial delay in obtaining a search warrant for possession of a firearm and ammunition render the warrant stale?


California, United States of America

How have courts treated alcohol consumption in public places?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an accomplice to murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for insufficiency of evidence in a case?


California, United States of America

What constitutes a strike for pleading guilty to a charge of personal infliction of serious bodily injury?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted the constitution in the context of voting rights issues?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the legal test for an amended pleading?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the burden of rebutting a victim's statement of losses?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether directors of a private equity company acted in bad faith in approving a transaction that they knew was not fair to common shareholders?


California, United States of America

Is a failure to appeal from a conviction a collateral attack on a constitutional ground?


"New York", United States of America

What is the process for appealing a complaint by a defendant against the Department of Justice?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a defendant have to file a separate petition for writ of habeas corpus?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion for a new trial based on alleged juror misconduct?


California, United States of America

Does a husband and wife's joint tenancy of a house constitute community property?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of proof required to revoke a probationer's probation?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a defendant have to plead guilty to a charge of assault with intent to pervert the course of justice?


California, United States of America

What is the test for abuse of discretion in sentencing decisions under Section 3582(c)(1) of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a judgment on the pleadings?


California, United States of America

Can a court consider a claim for equitable relief where the claimant challenges the adequacy of notice of the seizure?


MultiRegion, United States of America

When will the Children's Aid Society of Toronto apply for a supervision order?


Ontario, Canada

Does an affidavit of a former councillor who was a member of Alpha Creek Council give evidence in support of the interpretation of an agreement?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a confession involuntary if it was elicited by any promise of benefit or leniency?


California, United States of America

Does a judge have to make a finding of fact in a transfer hearing?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of a defendant's failure to specifically object on the basis of authentication?


California, United States of America

What is the legal framework to apply to post-retirement spousal support obligations?


New Brunswick, Canada

What is the burden of good cause on a party seeking discovery?


California, United States of America

Does the statute of limitations run when a defendant is charged with a misdemeanor?


California, United States of America

Does a judge have err in declining to hold an evidentiary hearing?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there an individual or collective aspect to judicial independence?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for drawing an adverse inference by reason of a party's failure to call a witness?


Ontario, Canada

When will a motion to compel defendants to provide a notice of the date of the hearing be heard?


California, United States of America

Can a co-owner of a vehicle be considered a "principal operator" of the vehicle?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for allowing cross-examination in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant's statements were voluntary?


California, United States of America

Does section 654 of the California Criminal Code apply to a defendant who was convicted of rape, sodomy and lewd acts against a minor?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances will a husband be allowed to add a supplemental complaint to his wife's personal injury action?


California, United States of America

What is the fiduciary relationship between a corporate director and shareholder?


"New York", United States of America

What is the current state of the law on the doctrine of "willfully evading" in a motor vehicle case?


California, United States of America

Does the Attorney General have authority to admit or reject evidence of other crimes that were not connected to defendant?


California, United States of America

What is the test for cross-examining expert testimony in a Charter case?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the standard for misconduct in the criminal justice system?


California, United States of America

What is the test for hearsay in a murder case?


California, United States of America

What rights does a defendant have at trial?


California, United States of America

Does the term "goodwill" in the terms of a share and interest clause in a commercial partnership apply to the value of a partner's interest and goodwill in the business?


Ontario, Canada

What is the firefighter's rule?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances will the court overturn a torture-murder special-circumstance finding?


California, United States of America

What is the onus on the parent of a child to obtain relief under s. 9 of the Child Support Guidelines?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for assessing attorney's fees against a criminal defendant?


California, United States of America

Is a bankruptcy court entitled to an award of attorney fees?


federal, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a sentence is too lenient?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for establishing good cause for a motion to set aside a default?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How many actual days have a defendant spent in police custody?


California, United States of America

What is the authority for a finding that a driver of a car involved in a motor vehicle accident was mentally unfit to drive?


California, United States of America

When a will is executed by a testator, does the law of England or Canada raise a presumption of knowledge and approval if the will is read by the testator?


British Columbia, Canada

What are some cases where the US Supreme Court has ruled in favour of a motion by a federal district judge?


California, United States of America

Does a bargaining order need to be issued against Triumph Curing Center?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a plaintiff’s loss of ability to do household work can be classified as a non-pecuniary head of damages?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a defendant who is in custody have to be given a Miranda warning before police officers can interrogate him?


California, United States of America

What is the full resentencing rule for commercial burglary?


California, United States of America

Does defendant have to prove that the disparate treatment of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) was necessary to protect society?


California, United States of America

What factors are considered in determining costs in a personal injury action?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for admissible testimony in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the Elder Abuse Act and what are the implications?


California, United States of America

What is the legal definition of “parking” as opposed to “storage”?


British Columbia, Canada

Does Section 654 of the California Criminal Code require a defendant to plead guilty to a charge of recklessly driving under the Highway Traffic Safety Act?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a punishment is cruel and/or unusual?


California, United States of America

Can a domestic agreement be set aside simply because one of the parties now regrets having signed it?


Ontario, Canada

Is an employee entitled to a cause of action based on section 790.03 of the Insurance Code?


California, United States of America

Does the Attorney General have any grounds to deny a defendant's ability to pay his attorney fees?


California, United States of America

Does the 9th Circuit judge have jurisdiction to vacate a criminal conviction based on a previous conviction?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the Court of Appeal have any authority to interfere with a trial judge’s findings of fact based conclusions drawn from conflicting testimony of expert witnesses?


Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

What is the test for a motion to dismiss an indictment for violation of the Speedy Trial Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the burden of proof in a sexual assault case?


Nova Scotia, Canada

Is a plaintiff barred from pursuing a tort claim for the same injury as a worker's compensation claim?


California, United States of America

What is the duty of a driver who reverses in reverse?


British Columbia, Canada

Does Section 2254 of the Civil Code of Civil Procedure require a state court to establish a factual basis for a guilty plea?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the Government have jurisdiction to seek a writ of mandamus?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for qualified privilege in a defamation action?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted the Cartwright Act's prohibitions on restraints on trade?


California, United States of America

What is the proper procedure to stay imposition of sentence on one crime but not the other?


California, United States of America

When will a court strike down the Three Strikes law?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant appeal against a finding that he was "armed with a firearm" and "during the commission of the current offense"?


California, United States of America

What are the guiding factors for awarding personal costs against counsel personally?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for murder in the first degree?


California, United States of America

Does Section 1108, subdivision (a) of the California Criminal Code, section 352, make evidence of uncharged sexual misconduct in a sexual assault case admissible?


California, United States of America

Can an attorney who is not a party to a proceeding make a motion in his own behalf for attorney's fees?


California, United States of America

When will a judge review a prosecutor's charging and plea bargaining decisions?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the trial court have to determine a defendant's dangerousness on a count-by-count basis?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for allowing a party to nominate a candidate on a write-in ballot in a primary election?


"New York", United States of America

Can the government argue failure to exhaust an issue as an affirmative defense?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the differences between the positions of the Applicant and the Justice?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for an allegation of malice murder with deliberation and premeditation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion to suppress or suppress evidence in a juvenile delinquency case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an attempted murder?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review applied to a protective order under the DVPA?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a defence application to re-open its case post-verdict?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining the truth of a witness's testimony in a medical malpractice case?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for loss of future opportunity in a helicopter accident case?


British Columbia, Canada

Is evidence of a previous statement not inadmissible under the hearsay rule?


California, United States of America

What remedies are available to consumers in an action for unfair competition?


California, United States of America

What is the test for testifying in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

Are there any reasonable methodologies for estimating the amount of CO2 emissions generated by the Project?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test to determine whether a body is a "public body" or a "government body"?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the effect of counsel conceding second degree murder?


California, United States of America

Does an insurance agent have a duty to the public at large in the event that the insurance agent acquires information suggesting that the client is unfit to drive?


California, United States of America

Is a transcript reviewed for abuse of discretion when the transcript is not in English?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the state of the law in Ontario when it comes to dealing with time issues?


"New York", United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the CEQA Guidelines?


California, United States of America

Can an admission be withdrawn in a criminal matter?


Alberta, Canada

How have the courts treated the issue of proof of a previous conviction at trial?


"New York", United States of America

What is the effect of a stay of execution on a motion for bankruptcy under Section 303 of the Bankruptcy Code?


federal, United States of America

What is the test for probable cause in the search warrant application for the seizure of a safe containing information obtained from a closed safe?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the obligations of directors of a corporation that they control?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there a fiduciary obligation on a relationship?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for leave on substantive issues?


Ontario, Canada

In what circumstances have courts imputed income to the respondent where there is a failure to comply with the disclosure guidelines?


British Columbia, Canada

Does section 13967(c) of the California Criminal Code require a defendant to pay restitution to victims who have suffered only economic loss as a result of their crimes?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion to have the Court of Appeal granted a Certificate of Appeal?


Ontario, Canada

Does a warrant for the seizure of a plaintiff's saliva sample satisfy the Warrant Clause?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the proper sanction for failing to come forward with evidence of sexual assault?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the principles applicable to an award of non-pecuniary damages?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the scope of a court's power to increase a defendant's sentence based on a prior conviction?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for abuse of discretion in the context of a federal district court's response to a jury's request for additional instructions?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for MRIs ordered in a personal injury case?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for cross-admissibility of evidence in separate criminal cases?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances will a defendant be ordered to pay extrajudicial costs?


Quebec, Canada

How have the courts interpreted the hearsay rule?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review for the business records exception?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing that a factual inference to be drawn is not per se a question of law?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a tenant who urinates in the lobby of a building cause the odor of urine in the public areas of the building to become a nuisance?


"New York", United States of America

What are the rights of a plaintiff in a civil case?


California, United States of America

Can a judge quash an earlier executed search warrant?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for excluding prejudicial evidence at trial?


California, United States of America

What are the elements of a disability discrimination claim?


California, United States of America

Does the bankruptcy court have jurisdiction to hear a motion to dismiss?


federal, United States of America

What is the effect of an order denying leave to file a late claim for abuse of discretion?


California, United States of America

What are the reasons for judgment in cases involving careless signing?


Alberta, Canada