What is the test for determining whether a husband and wife are living apart?

British Columbia, Canada


The following excerpt is from Xu v. Zhang, 2015 BCSC 2389 (CanLII):

…. The court must look at various objective factors to determine if the parties are living apart or not. Oswell v. Oswell perhaps best sets out the criteria for the court to consider. These include the following: (a) there must be a physical separation ... Just because a spouse remains in the same house for reasons of economic necessity does not mean that they are not living separate and apart; (b) there must also be a withdrawal by one or both spouses from the matrimonial obligation with the intent of destroying the matrimonial consortium, or of repudiating the marital relationship; (c) the absence of sexual relations is not conclusive but is a factor to be considered; (d) other matters to be considered are the discussion of family problems and communication between the spouses; presence or absence of joint social activities; the meal pattern. (e) Although the performance of household tasks is also a factor ... weight should be given to those matters which are peculiar to the husband and wife relationship outlined above. (f) The court must have regard to the true intent of a spouse as opposed to a spouse's stated intent ... [a]n additional consideration ... in determining the true intent of a spouse as opposed to that spouse's stated intentions is the method in which the spouse has filed income tax returns. [Footnotes omitted.]

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