What is the test for a breach of the duty to bargain in good faith?

Canada (Federal), Canada

The following excerpt is from Hurley v. Treasury Board (Department of National Defence, 2019 FPSLREB 45 (CanLII):

106 Counsel for the complainant points to Maritime Employers Association v. Syndicat des débardeurs, Local 375,1999 CIRB 26 at para. 62, which found as follows: … 21. The decision making capability of the parties depends upon not only a full and open discussion of the items which are in dispute but also upon an awareness that the scope of the dispute is limited to those items which have been put into dispute in the early stages of the bargaining process. Decision making does not take place in a vacuum. The parties set the parameters with their early exchange of proposals thereby establishing the framework within which they negotiate. A party which holds back on an item or a number of items and then attempts to introduce these matters into the negotiations as the process nears completion, effectually destroys the decision making framework. A party cannot rationally or properly consider its bargaining position in the absence of absolute certainty that the full extent of the dispute has been revealed. The tabling of additional demands after a dispute has been defined must, in the absence of compelling evidence which would justify such a course, be construed as a violation of the duty to bargain in good faith.

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