Alexi purple

Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


Does a defendant have to serve at least one third of the minimum sentence under Health and Safety Code section 11353 to be paroled?


California, United States of America

Is a plaintiff entitled to monetary relief from a defendant who is not a defendant in a pro se pleading?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a defendant have the right to use his hands to commit a public offense of assault with a deadly weapon with his hands?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted the "plain view" doctrine in the US?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for discharging a juror who is biased against police testimony?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a judge to grant a motion to delay a hearing?


California, United States of America

What are the findings of a full review of the record in this case?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law in relation to the issue of material evidence in perjury cases?


California, United States of America

What is the anti-SLAPP analysis?


California, United States of America

What is the test to interpret the California Civil Code of Civil Procedure when it comes to language, history and policy considerations?


California, United States of America

Is there any evidence that a defendant was a member of a gang at the time of the shooting?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing motive and intent in a murder case?


California, United States of America

Does Section 654, subdivision (a) of the California Code of Criminal Procedure, section 654 of the Criminal Code, allow a defendant to be punished for more than one act?


California, United States of America

What is the state of the law on governmental immunity?


"New York", United States of America

Is a denial of a motion for a new trial reviewable?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for reviewing a judgment dismissing a complaint after a demurrer has been granted?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an unconscionable claim?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for judicial review of an error by a tribunal?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances will an informer be permitted to record a conversation in which a defendant is not present?


California, United States of America

Does a mixed petition need to include exhausted claims?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a plaintiff entitled to spousal support on a compensatory or non-compensatory basis?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a three-judge court need to be convened on the theory that the challenged state policy is informal and not mandated by statute?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does section 4019 of the California Civil Rights Act have retroactive effect?


California, United States of America

Is there a link between the information defendant sought in his Pitchess motion and his Proffered Defense?


California, United States of America

How have photographs of a plaintiff's injuries been used in a jury trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a jury have to acquit a defendant of murder for failing to instruct the jury on simple possession of a destructive device?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to determine whether a defendant suffered delusional beliefs that he was under attack at the time of the shooting?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether there is a loss of income for a plaintiff as a result of a motor vehicle accident?


British Columbia, Canada

How have the courts dealt with a notice of appeal from a judgment in the Superior Court of Appeal?


California, United States of America

What is the test for finding negligence in a medical malpractice case?


Ontario, Canada

Is appellant's criminal record sufficient to determine that he is a career criminal who is a recidivist?


California, United States of America

Does the "captain of the ship" rule give counsel exclusive control over whether to waive a jury trial?


California, United States of America

What are the implications of the Ninth Amendment in the context of civil liberties?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the onus on the accused to establish a breach of the Charter?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for determining the value of a property in a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

Is the language in elder abuse statutes the same as that in child abuse statutes?


California, United States of America

How have the courts dealt with allegations of improper conduct against appellant in a civil case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for excluding a defendant's face from the criminal record?


California, United States of America

Is there any evidence that defense counsel deliberately changed the outcome of a jury trial to avoid a potential appeal?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a request for a jury view?


California, United States of America

What is the applicable limitation period for an action alleging that negligent construction of a foundation caused irreparable damage to a home?


California, United States of America

Is there any added tortious conduct or punitive damages for the Starr Toof?


Ontario, Canada

Can a reviewing court review a trial judge's disposition on costs?


Ontario, Canada

What is a magistrate's duty to search for drugs?


California, United States of America

On remand, what is the burden on the second prong of the anti-SLAPP legislation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for issuing a certificate of appeal against a motion denying a fundamental right?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a motion to dismiss a civil rights action be dismissed before service of process is completed?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective assistance of counsel?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a custodian of records refuse to comply with a subpoena?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a claim of nuisance against a landlord for nonpayment of rent?


"New York", United States of America

What is the standard of review applicable to a trial judge in a negligence case?


Alberta, Canada

Does the Fourth Amendment prohibit unreasonable intrusions by private individuals who are acting as government instruments or agents?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What constitutes "needs" and "means" in a separation agreement?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for mandamus?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the standard of review for a motion to suppress or exclude under the Miranda?


California, United States of America

What is the general rule and waiver of the right to partition?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing that a person can be found to be a witness in a trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for establishing a new federal agency?


California, United States of America

Does a plaintiff have to pay additional costs if they are successful?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances will a defendant be held liable for threatening to kill his ex-girlfriend?


California, United States of America

Is a forum selection clause valid and enforceable?


Saskatchewan, Canada

How does a court review a protective order under the DVPA?


California, United States of America

What is the range of life sentences available under section 12022.53 of the California Criminal Code when a defendant is convicted of the same gang-related murder?


California, United States of America

Does a motion to Dismiss a cause of action alleging that Defendant conspired to deprive plaintiff of personal property pursuant to a conspiracy to deprive him of his assets pursuant to 18.C. Section 241 of the Criminal Code?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a defendant have waived his or her speedy trial rights by entering into a personal injury case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for overturning a judgment of Special Term dismissing a petition?


"New York", United States of America

What is the burden of proving that a party to a Title VII discrimination action is a legitimate reason for discrimination?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can an aider and abettor become liable for the commission of a very serious crime committed by the aeder and his confederate?


California, United States of America

What is the test for reasonable suspicion in criminal proceedings?


California, United States of America

What is the test for recoverable damages under unjust enrichment?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a plaintiff's financial condition is to be considered a factor in determining whether to award punitive damages?


California, United States of America

How is a trial court's admission of prior felony convictions reviewed for abuse of discretion?


California, United States of America

Can an entered order be reconsidered to avoid a grave and manifest injustice?


British Columbia, Canada

How have the courts dealt with an issue of failure to disclose relevant facts?


Canada (Federal), Canada

How do we review evidence in the light of the opposing party's own showing?


California, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the Miranda rights of a defendant in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a plea of guilty to a charge of sexual assault?


MultiRegion, United States of America

In a medical malpractice action for 3 and a half years, can a lawyer be found to have failed to take substantive steps in the action?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for fundamental justice in the context of sanctions?


Ontario, Canada

What is the current state of the law in relation to maintenance and support obligations based solely on family relationships?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the obligation of parties and their counsel to co-operate in scheduling disputes?


Ontario, Canada

Does discipline imposed on a public employee infringe free speech?


California, United States of America

What is the test for privacy rights in sports?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion to suppress a defendant's statements?


California, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the word "intent to distribute" in the context of a drug possession charge?


MultiRegion, United States of America

When can a claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress be successful?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of appellate review of a motion to suppress?


California, United States of America

Does a wire that was used as part of a scheme to defraud "as conceived by the perpetrator at the time" satisfy the three elements of the conspiracy?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the state of the law on sexual assault under the Sexual Offences Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a law firm charge a fee which takes into account the result achieved for the client?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the nature of the "poisoned atmosphere" in the litigation?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a plaintiff entitled to attorney fees and costs on appeal against a finding that he failed to get an award on his wage statement claim?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on medical malpractice in medical negligence cases?


California, United States of America

Does an allegation in an application have a reasonable prospect of success?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for actionable negligence in a motor vehicle accident?


California, United States of America

What is the burden of a public entity seeking design immunity?


California, United States of America

What is the test for an amended complaint to allege a cognizable legal theory against a proper defendant?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a federal court order a restraining order against an abusive litigant?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the relationship of subordination that determines whether a contract is a contract for services?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for determining whether a defendant is mentally competent to stand trial?


California, United States of America

What is the result of a no evidence motion?


British Columbia, Canada

In what circumstances will the court respect the bargain struck between the parties in the context of the application for interim support?


Alberta, Canada

What are the factors used by a court to determine a sentence for sexual assault?


California, United States of America

Is an official receiver entitled to indemnity out of the estate of an insolvent?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the legal test for reversal of a jury's verdict for insufficient evidence?


California, United States of America

What is the test for having a motive for a first degree murder?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a common benefit claim in a personal injury action?


California, United States of America

Is a conviction for simple possession of meth for sale invalid?


California, United States of America

What is the corpus delicti rule in the context of a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What principles govern the assessment of credibility of a witness?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for "substantially complying" with federal laws and regulations regarding AFDC?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a habeas petition for failure to comply with the AEDPA statute of limitations retroactively disposed of?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What factors must be considered when determining whether a physician is qualified to prescribe a patient with a history of mental health problems?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the sufficiency of evidence to support a conviction for violating section 148 of the Penal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the impact of the reciprocal discovery scheme on a defendant's right to counsel?


California, United States of America

What is the threshold for a constructive trust?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the costs of an unsuccessful application for final judgment under Rule 18A?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the implications of the husband’s cross-motion argument in a family law case?


Ontario, Canada

Does the Eighth Amendment prohibit cruel and unusual punishment?


California, United States of America

Does the state have a compelling state interest in protecting society from dangerous persons?


California, United States of America

Does a notice of termination have any effect?


Alberta, Canada

What is the law on aggravated damages in the context of a wrongful dismissal claim?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a prisoner have a constitutional right to attend an administrative appeal or grievance proceeding?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for properly dismissing an equal protection claim?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a claim that the affairs of a RICO enterprise have been conducted in violation of subsection (c) of Section 1962 of the RICO Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have courts interpreted "vague statutory language" in the California Code of Civil Procedure regarding nudity?


California, United States of America

What is the test for misdiagnosis of skin cancer?


Alberta, Canada

Can an interim support order retroactive to the date of the application was made?


British Columbia, Canada

How have the courts interpreted jury instructions in the context of Section 4500 of the California Criminal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the test for variation of a Will?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any reasonable doubt that a trial court error was harmless?


California, United States of America

What is asbestos and what is its impact on human health?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there a fiduciary relationship created by statute rather than on dependence?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the statute of limitations for medical malpractice?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for making a motion of no confidence in a witness?


California, United States of America

Is a judge obligated to call a witness whom he could be expected to call if that witness testimony would be favorable?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a party can be found liable for trademark infringement?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a jury to determine whether an instruction interferes with the consideration of evidence at trial?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a collective bargaining agreement includes freedom of speech or freedom of expression?


Saskatchewan, Canada

Can relevant evidence be excluded on the basis of judicial review?


Alberta, Canada

Is there any conflict of interest in the representation of a client who has previously been represented by the same attorney?


California, United States of America

Does the rule of forfeiture apply to an ex post facto claim?


California, United States of America

How have courts interpreted spontaneous statements by a police officer in a criminal case?


"New York", United States of America

Can a police officer be held liable for failing to intervene in the scene of a shooting?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on representation disputes?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for providing particulars in a claim?


Ontario, Canada

What is the penalty for possession of a concealable weapon by an alien?


California, United States of America

What is the test and interpretation of an arrest warrant?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the legal test for the quality of confidence of a customer list?


British Columbia, Canada

How have the courts interpreted section 302 of the New York State Penal Code section 302 for the purposes of determining "rude behavior" and "unnecessary noise"?


California, United States of America

What is the law regarding causation and damages in the context of pre-existing conditions?


British Columbia, Canada

Can a motion to strike a complaint be made under section 435 of the California Code of Civil Procedure?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a motion is timely?


California, United States of America

How do courts interpret section 207(b) of the California Penal Code?


California, United States of America

Does a single drive-by shooting constitute a street terrorism crime?


California, United States of America

What are the implications of a motion judge's decisions regarding the restoration of an action to the trial list under r.48.11 and the dismissal of an Action for Delay pursuant to r.24.01?


Ontario, Canada

What is the legal basis for an action for dissolution of a joint venture or partnership?


California, United States of America

What factors will be considered by the courts when entering a default judgment?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for excluding a civil complaint?


California, United States of America

What is the test for denunciation and deterrence in cases of assault by a peace officer?


British Columbia, Canada

Does the "going and coming" rule apply in cases where an employer requires an employee to furnish a vehicle of transportation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for assault under section 245 of the California Code of Civil Procedure?


California, United States of America

What is the test for damages for libel?


Manitoba, Canada

Does the principle of common law apply in medical malpractice actions?


Alberta, Canada

What is the standard of review in the context of an investigation into the handling of evidence by the Police and the Prosecutor?


California, United States of America

When will a trial judge allow the prosecutor to use an uncharged offense in their case in rebuttal?


California, United States of America

Does a judge have to be disqualified as a judge in an administrative proceeding?


"New York", United States of America

How have the courts in Canada re-opened the evidence after judgment?


British Columbia, Canada

When a state agency declines to pursue a complaint under the Maritime Complaint Act, can a federal action be commenced against the state?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the Attorney-General have standing to challenge the constitutionality of the appointment and designation of those Judges?


"New York", United States of America

Is a printing equipment owned by the owner of the home a family asset?


British Columbia, Canada

Is it necessary for a plaintiff to advance a future cost of care claim in the context of medical necessity claims?


British Columbia, Canada

If defendants are successful in their bid to have attorney fees and costs reversed on the basis that the issue was not given to the jury by the trial court, is this contention abandoned as inadequately briefed?


California, United States of America

Can a jury note be used to instruct defense counsel to attend the closing argument?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of "procedure B" in a personal injury case?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a Molotov cocktail a destructive device?


California, United States of America

What are the remaining contentions in defendant's defence of involuntary manslaughter under section 192 of the California Penal Code?


California, United States of America

What is the test for establishing that an individual is a person under disability?


Ontario, Canada

Does a common law rule requiring a party to pay a bill of sale apply?


Manitoba, Canada

Does a criminal offence constitute a generic crime?


MultiRegion, United States of America

When reviewing a motion to suppress a search warrant application, what is the test for determining whether the search or seizure was reasonable?


California, United States of America

Does a pro se pleading in a civil rights case have to be interpreted as pro se pleadings?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a suspect under interrogation waive their Miranda rights?


California, United States of America

What is the purpose of awarding a disability benefit under section 406(b) of the Disability Benefits Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the individual appellees have a claim of qualified immunity from prosecution in a civil action brought by a defendant in a criminal case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can the prosecution go to the jury on both the lesser and the greater offense?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for obtaining a visa to enter Canada?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for dismissing a motion for summary dismissal of claims that fail to meet the standard of review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the current state of the law on the definition of a family asset?


British Columbia, Canada

What are the implications of a probation officer's report recommending consecutive life sentences?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a self-defense instruction?


California, United States of America

What is the test for habeas jurisdiction in a motion challenging a restitution order?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a trial judge have to detail every aspect of her decision if she prefers some evidence over other evidence?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for harmonizing sections of a statute?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a constructive amendment to an indictment?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of conduct of a criminal defense attorney in the context of an after-the-fact assessment?


California, United States of America

How have the courts treated a request for a voir dire to determine whether any juror had heard or read anything prejudicial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the duty of a municipality to maintain all its sidewalks in perfect level?


Ontario, Canada

Is there a presumption that there is an initial presumption that a claimant is lying when they are claiming disability benefits?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Can a defendant make a motion to dismiss a Motion to Dismiss on the grounds of speedy trial?


"New York", United States of America