Is the word "deceive" in the criminal code sufficient to constitute harm?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Golb v. Attorney Gen. of N.Y., Docket No. 16-0452-pr, Docket No. 16-0647-pr (2nd Cir. 2017):
"defraud" and "injure." Under the interpretative canon noscitur a sociis, the word "deceive" is deemed to share relevant characteristics with "defraud" and "injure," both of which entail harm. Third, "ambiguity concerning the ambit of criminal statutes should be resolved in favor of lenity." Rewis v. United States, 401 U.S. 808, 812 (1971).
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