Is a state prisoner's procedural default in the state courts barred from federal review?

A state prisoner's procedural default in the state courts will also bar federal review except in narrow circumstances not relevant here. A procedural default occurs in one of two ways. First, if the state prisoner fails to exhaust his state remedies in a manner in which, were he to return to the state courts with his unexhausted claim, those courts would find the claim barred by the application of a state procedural rule, "we 'must deem the claim procedurally defaulted.'" Id. (quoting Aparicio v. Artuz, 269 F.3d 78, 90 (2d Cir. 2001))

Page 25