California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from Hedlund v. Superior Court, 194 Cal.Rptr. 805, 34 Cal.3d 695, 669 P.2d 41 (Cal. 1983):
The question then arises as to whether the failure to warn after actual knowledge is malpractice or simple negligence. Since it is not the medical care or treatment of a patient that is involved, but a species of civilian duty that has arisen to a third party, the acts or omissions of the doctors are [669 P.2d 50] not malpractice, but simple negligence. I agree with Tresemer v. Barke (1978) 86
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