California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Curtis, D073868 (Cal. App. 2018):
4. An appellate court generally cannot fairly evaluate counsel's performance at trial based on a silent record. (People v. Mendoza Tello (1997) 15 Cal.4th 264, 266-267.) If Curtis believes his trial counsel was constitutionally ineffective, he can make that argument in a petition for writ of habeas corpus. (Ibid.)
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