Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.
What is the test for subpoenaing an individual's income tax returns?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for a parent who moves to a new location in order to have access to their child?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for a judicial review of a decision of a tribunal?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for a challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence in the context of unlawful possession of a controlled substance?
California, United States of America
Is a mother's intention to relocate with her children under a restraining order?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a defendant be denied a fair trial when relevant evidence is excluded from the trial?
California, United States of America
In a sexual assault case, can defendant appeal against his convictions for sexual assault against two different victims?
California, United States of America
Can a seller misrepresentate a vehicle's condition?
British Columbia, Canada
Can an implied term be found in a contract?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the current state of the law on the authority of a treating physician's opinion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a defendant plead guilty in return for a reduced sentence?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of a finding of fact by the BC Workers’ Compensation Appeal Tribunal on a claimant’s entitlement?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a claim of involuntariness under the Fifth Amendment have to include coercion?
California, United States of America
Can a witness be impeached for simple possession of a drug?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a defendant bring a claim against a plaintiff who was thrown out of her seat by a bus driver?
"New York", United States of America
What is the test for calculating spousal support under the SSAGs?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of a judge's improper remarks to counsel outside of the jury's presence?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the purpose of the defence of qualified privilege?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a lease is valid or invalid in an oil and gas lease dispute?
"New York", United States of America
What is the standard of review for a defendant on appeal against eight of his 11 sexual assault convictions?
California, United States of America
Is a federal court permitted to grant a stay of execution pending review of a habeas corpus proceeding?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to grant relief in a habeas proceeding?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does s. 7(e) of the Canadian Bill of Rights require the courts to observe "natural justice" in the context of conflict of law cases?
Alberta, Canada
What is appropriate for a jury to try?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of proof required by "reasonable grounds"?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the word “testamentary expense” include estate duty on personal property?
Saskatchewan, Canada
What is the test for special costs for 10 days of a trial?
British Columbia, Canada
How have courts interpreted the Miranda rights of a defendant in a case where a confession was obtained in violation of the Miranda Rule?
California, United States of America
How do you deal with circumstantial evidence in a civil case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for the exclusion of propensity evidence in a civil case?
California, United States of America
Is there any case law where a truck driver was found to have been speeding?
Alberta, Canada
What are the elements of the test for infliction of emotional distress?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for striking out a statement of claim as against the partners?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for out-of-court testimony in a civil case?
California, United States of America
What is the alternative ground of liability for failing to disclose to the public?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for having an attorney at a preliminary hearing?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of the rule making exclusive jurisdiction first acquired?
California, United States of America
What is the full resentencing rule for commercial burglary?
California, United States of America
What is the essence of procedural fairness in the context of school closure decisions?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will the court award damages for unjust enrichment?
Ontario, Canada
What is the impact of “everyday living” noise on a CRT application?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will an application be allowed to amend the Rules of Civil Procedure?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the test for aiding and abetting in an attempted robbery and attempted murder?
California, United States of America
In a motion for joint physical custody of a minor, is the mother's claim that the juvenile court abused its discretion by denying her request for joint custody of the minor?
California, United States of America
How does compensation support address economic disadvantageages caused by a long-term relationship?
Ontario, Canada
Does the Jones Act apply between an employer and an employee?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the Court of Appeal have abused its power to exclude evidence that supports a claim of malice in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for determining whether a workplace environment is hostile or abusive?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for stress and anxiety?
Ontario, Canada
In what circumstances will the court consider specific performance in real estate?
British Columbia, Canada
What are some examples of a failed abortion case?
British Columbia, Canada
Does section 654 of the California Criminal Code require a defendant to be punished for each violation committed in pursuit of one objective?
California, United States of America
How have the courts treated counsel's closing argument in closing arguments?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What constitutes a "significant" change to parking policy in a residential area?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a by-law purporting to regulate a city street create an offence of being on a street for the purposes of prostitution?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the statute of limitations apply to sexual assault cases?
California, United States of America
Can a judge correct an unauthorized sentence without remand?
California, United States of America
Does the privilege against self-incrimination apply to a probationer who commits a crime and has his probation revoked?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a police officer be allowed to appeal his decision not to shoot a civilian?
California, United States of America
Is a crack in the windshield reasonable cause to stop a vehicle?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to suppress evidence?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to convict a defendant of assault if he was stopped at the front door of his neighbour's house by the police?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion for relief in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
Does the Court of Appeal have jurisdiction to make a declaration or declaratory order?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for determining whether a defendant was an organizer or leader?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for leave to appeal after the 30-day deadline?
Ontario, Canada
How have judgment creditors been successful in challenging the validity of probate?
Alberta, Canada
What is the test for determining whether an actor has intent to commit acts of sexual assault?
California, United States of America
What is the test for changing a person's rights?
California, United States of America
Is a lease on a homestead quarter voidable and not void?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Does panic disorder, anxiety and depression affect income imputed to a parent?
Nova Scotia, Canada
Is a plaintiff entitled to claim for past and future loss of earning capacity?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the effect of having two children in the same place?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard for reasonable care in a stairwell case?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the meaning of "due diligence"?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will a court dismiss a motion for lack of jurisdiction?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the definition of "immediate presence" in a sexual assault case?
California, United States of America
What is the underlying rationale of a judge's unfettered right to re-open a criminal case?
British Columbia, Canada
Is there an abuse of the bankruptcy court's decision regarding the treatment of the affirmative defense?
federal, United States of America
How is a prisoner's claim under Section 1983 of the Medical Terminations Act treated under the Eight Amendment?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plaintiff obtain attorney fees as costs in enforcing their judgment?
California, United States of America
What is the test for granting a discretionary remedy in a motion to extend the time of a delay in completing a project?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for determining whether a defendant knew of protected speech before the allegedly retaliatory decision?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to dismiss for abuse of discretion?
California, United States of America
What is the burden of proving that a pleading defect can be cured by amendment?
California, United States of America
When is a party entitled to production of documents from a third party?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for rebutting the presumption of a resulting trust?
Saskatchewan, Canada
In what circumstances have courts found that maintaining a dock and parking are separate rights to an easement granted to access an island?
Ontario, Canada
Is a co-worker immune from liability in a civil action?
California, United States of America
Is a plaintiff estopped from asserting an untimeliness defense if he raises this contention for the first time in his reply brief?
California, United States of America
How has the evidentiary objection ruling been reviewed for abuse of discretion?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a motion to dismiss for prejudicial prearrest delay?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a sheriff's deputy's use of force?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the state of the law in Ontario regarding the distribution of the assets of a deceased person?
California, United States of America
What is the test for error and prejudice on a claim that the US Department of Justice violated a plaintiff's right to due process?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the standard of review for improper admission in an administrative hearing?
California, United States of America
How have courts interpreted a "specific clause" in a personal injury contract?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances will a court grant an easement over a small part of a sidewalk?
British Columbia, Canada
Does a motion to dismiss an appeal before a full written opinion on the same issue need to be considered by the Court of Appeal?
California, United States of America
What is the test for having a firearm "loaded and ready for use" in a public place?
California, United States of America
What is the state of the law in relation to restraints?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of the law on net worth of a plaintiff in a motor vehicle accident case?
California, United States of America
What if a federal court accepts a guilty plea to a charge of sexual assault?
MultiRegion, United States of America
In what circumstances have the courts interpreted the terms of a "agreement to agree" in relation to equalization?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for responding to a jury in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the effect of section 4502 of the California Penal Code on the right to possess an assault weapon?
California, United States of America
What is the abuse of discretion standard for the admissibility of evidence in a family court case?
California, United States of America
In what circumstances will a corporation be liable for expenses paid by the Corporation to the Defendant's lawyers in an action brought by stockholders against the Defendant?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a defendant's mental or physical condition a mitigating factor in sentencing?
California, United States of America
Does trust principles or the rule in Foss v Harbottle apply?
British Columbia, Canada
In what circumstances will a police search of the mouth result in a search of a person's personal privacy and security?
California, United States of America
What is the test for certification of a class action for settlement purposes?
Ontario, Canada
Under what circumstances will counsel not conduct an investigation into software used by Defendant in a civil case?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have the courts treated evidence in this part of a criminal case where a witness gave evidence of the extent of a search of a property in which there were no residents?
"New York", United States of America
In a child protection case, is a witness not an expert?
Ontario, Canada
What is the standard of review for a search and seizure under the Fourth Amendment?
California, United States of America
Is a federal court's decision on a motion to disclose an informant's identity or role in the crime reviewed for abuse of power?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How have courts treated the issue of double jeopardy in habeas corpus cases?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for admissibility of expert evidence in motor vehicle cases?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for default judgment in a personal injury case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a claim of discrimination against the federal government for striking all but one Hispanic juror from a jury?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a moving party to set aside a default judgment?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a plaintiff recover the value of a building that was demolished?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Does Section 26 exempt a person from criminal liability under section 26 of the California Criminal Code from a general intent crime if they committed the crime while unconscious?
California, United States of America
What jurisdiction does the Court have to hear the de novo interpretation of the Immigration and Nationality Act?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the consequence of appellant failing to object to the admission of the challenged testimony?
California, United States of America
What is the test for proof of the actus reus of the offence?
Ontario, Canada
How have courts interpreted the appropriate means exception in the Limitations Act?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for an enforceable collateral contract?
Alberta, Canada
Is a defendant's prior sentence imposed in a related case considered "related" if they are sentenced to two concurrent sentences by the same judge at the same hearing?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the legal basis for refusing to give evidence in a civil case?
California, United States of America
Is a bankruptcy court's interpretation of the Bankruptcy Code subject to de novo review?
federal, United States of America
What is the test for a finding that a settlement is fair, reasonable and adequate for abuse of discretion?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the burden of proving liability under section 425.16 of the California Motor Vehicle Act?
California, United States of America
Is possession of a firearm sufficient to constitute a firearm use enhancement?
California, United States of America
Can a judge be found to have abused his discretion in denying a continuance?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the changed circumstance rule apply in this case?
California, United States of America
Does a judge have the power to decree a judicial sale and appoint a receiver?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is section 664.6 of the California Civil Code an expedient and cost effective means of enforcing a settlement agreement?
California, United States of America
Is there merit in argument that each of the appellants was convicted of the crime of conspiracy to violate section 337a of the Penal Code?
California, United States of America
What are the implications of section 667, subdivision 6(c)(6) of the California Criminal Code when a defendant is convicted of multiple felonies?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing that a prior judgment is conclusive?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to find a defendant guilty of murder if there is no evidence of malice in the case?
California, United States of America
Does a harmless error analysis necessarily result in a conviction of first degree felony murder?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of English law regarding the writ of sequestration?
British Columbia, Canada
Does the police have to renew the Miranda warning given to a defendant?
California, United States of America
Is spoliation a rule of evidence?
Ontario, Canada
What is the test for requiring a police officer to be advised of his constitutional rights before making the choice between incriminating himself or losing his job?
California, United States of America
What is the test for calculating future earnings after a motor vehicle accident?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for evidence of flight after the crime has been committed?
California, United States of America
Does the standard CALCRIM instruction need to be changed?
California, United States of America
What is the case law on medical malpractice under section 1203.03 of the Penal Code?
California, United States of America
What are the consequences of a statutory breach in the law of negligence?
British Columbia, Canada
Can a Minister give material evidence at a civil trial?
Ontario, Canada
Is there any case law where a judge has been found guilty of gross misconduct in an assault on a minor?
California, United States of America
Can Plaintiffs amend their pleadings in a motion to amend after defendants have filed motions to dismiss?
MultiRegion, United States of America
How has the court treated questions about the depth or scope of expert testimony in a medical malpractice case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a pro se pleading in a civil rights case alleging inadequate medical care at a prison?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the Eleventh Amendment defense?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does remand for an ability to pay hearing need to be considered?
California, United States of America
How have the courts treated prior crimes against appellant?
California, United States of America
Can a defendant request a rereading of portions of a witness's testimony?
California, United States of America
Does a defendant who committed property crimes during a state of emergency need a change of venue?
California, United States of America
What is the patent unreasonableness standard?
Canada (Federal), Canada
Does a truck driver need to sign an independent contractor agreement with a global transportation company?
California, United States of America
Is a state habeas petition valid for purposes of the federal statute of limitations?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Does the case law support the argument that there is probable cause to search a person's computer for child pornography?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Is a convicted felon in possession of a firearm available for use at the time of the crime?
California, United States of America
What is the test for terminating a parent's right to self-representation in a juvenile dependency proceeding?
California, United States of America
What is the test for a jury to convict an appellant of first degree murder on a theory of natural and probable consequences?
California, United States of America
What is the test for obtaining limited insurance information from a plaintiff in a motor vehicle accident?
California, United States of America
What is the current state of California Penal Code section 654, subdivision (a) of the Penal Code?
California, United States of America
Is an Order for the Immediate Partition and Sale of the Matrimonial Home in the Interest of Justice in a matrimonial proceeding?
Ontario, Canada
Does the court need to consult the jurors before ordering further deliberations before ordering them to continue their deliberations?
California, United States of America
Does the but for test apply in establishing a material contribution to risk approach in a tort of negligence case?
Ontario, Canada
What is the standard of correctness for determining whether an officer breached procedural fairness by not providing proper language interpretation?
Canada (Federal), Canada
What is the test for making a "special provision" in a child protection case?
Nova Scotia, Canada
Is there any case law where a plaintiff has been found guilty of a tortfeasor's negligence?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the actual knowledge standard for inference in a medical malpractice case?
California, United States of America
What is the test for establishing a prima facie case in employment discrimination cases?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Can a plea of guilty be withdrawn and a not guilty plea substituted?
California, United States of America
Does exclusion of evidence at trial violate a defendant's constitutional right to confront and cross-examine witnesses?
California, United States of America
What is the test for finding nuisance in a residential property?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the standard of review in a criminal case where the prosecution relied primarily on circumstantial evidence?
California, United States of America
What is relevant evidence in a personal injury action?
California, United States of America
What is the test for granting summary judgment to a tenant in a covenant to insure action in a building loss case?
Ontario, Canada
What is the state's obligation to provide paid counsel?
Alberta, Canada
How have courts dealt with a mistake in the form of a verdict in a case where the jury was instructed on the correct section of the Penal Code reference?
California, United States of America
What rights attach to federal prison disciplinary hearings?
MultiRegion, United States of America
Are the words “This sale is subject to a satisfactory mortgage” void for uncertainty?
British Columbia, Canada
Is a non-final order issued by a federal district court in a personal injury action (i.e. a judgment adjudicating all the claims)?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for making a preliminary determination during the prosecution's case in chief?
California, United States of America
What is the argument in favour of minority control of a school?
Manitoba, Canada
What is the range of damages for an aggravated injury?
British Columbia, Canada
What is the test for elected trial by judge without a jury?
Alberta, Canada
Does a delay of 5 years in the maturity of a loan, and the bankruptcy of the principal debtor, affect the release of the surety?
Saskatchewan, Canada
Can a court admit evidence for abuse of power?
MultiRegion, United States of America
What is the test for a claim of prejudice against witnesses who have not been able to give evidence at trial?
California, United States of America
Does section 1714 of the California Civil Code immunize an employer from vicarious liability?
California, United States of America
What is the test for negligence in a hunting accident?
British Columbia, Canada
