California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Nash, F066160, F066278 (Cal. App. 2015):
In reviewing Miranda issues on appeal, we accept the trial court's determination of disputed facts if supported by substantial evidence, and we independently decide whether the challenged statements were obtained in violation of Miranda. (People v. Lessie (2010) 47 Cal.4th 1152, 1169.)
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