How have courts interpreted statements about obtaining a warrant?

MultiRegion, United States of America

The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Faruolo, 506 F.2d 490 (2nd Cir. 1974):

The analogy is not exact, but it does highlight the dangers involved. Were the slate clean, I would be inclined to reject a finding of voluntariness obtained in response to statements about the obtaining of a warrant that did not in some way affirmatively communicate the discretionary aspect of the warrantissuing process. If a person is confronted with only the choice of permitting an immediate search without a warrant or waiting the brief interval necessary for a warrant to be obtained, he is misled into believing that the only variable in the choice is time, rather than the far more important variable of whether the warrant will be issued at all. If he consents because he has been led to believe that obtaining a warrant is a virtually automatic formality, then regardless of his apparent willingness to permit the search, he has responded to a situation as 'instinct with coercion' as the one in Bumper, where the officer gained entry not with the assurance that a warrant could be obtained, but with the statement that he had already obtained one. Bumper v. North Carolina, supra, 391 U.S. at 550, 88 S.Ct. 1788. If the waiver on which consent to a search is premised is really to be the 'intentional relinquishment . . . of a known right,' Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458, 464, 58 S.Ct. 1019, 1023, 82 L.Ed. 1461 (1938), there ought to be some indication that the warrant-issuing

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