How has the court interpreted the fact that a defendant has to prove that they committed a crime against a witness?
MultiRegion, United States of America
The following excerpt is from United States v. Crisona, 416 F.2d 107 (2nd Cir. 1969):
Appellant apparently argues that the court should have again stated that this element of the crime had to be proved beyond a reasonable doubt. In view of the judge's prior instructions, this was unnecessary. Indeed, defendants made no further objection. Cf. United States v. Indiviglio, 352 F.2d 276 (2d Cir. 1965) (en banc), cert. denied, 383 U.S. 907, 86 S.Ct. 887, 15 L.Ed.2d 663 (1966).
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