How has section 186.22 of the California Penal Code been interpreted?
California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from In re McDowell, E072191 (Cal. App. 2019):
Rodriguez construed Penal Code section 186.22, subdivision (a). It relied, in particular, on the language in that subdivision requiring that the defendant "willfully promote[], further[], or assist[] in . . . criminal conduct by [gang] members . . . ." (People v. Rodriguez, supra, 55 Cal.4th at p. 1132.)
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