How has discretion under section 3584(a) of the Criminal Code been exercised under Section 3584?

In United States v. Pedrioli, 931 F.2d 31 (9th Cir.1991) we reasoned that discretion under 3584(a) should be exercised in harmony with the requirements of the sentencing guidelines. Specifically, we held that when exercising 3584(a) discretion "district courts must follow the usual departure procedures." 931 F.2d at 32. "The guideline procedures for departure require that the district court specify the ground for its decision on the record, that the court make accurate findings of fact as to that ground, that the ground for departure be based on reasonable factors not considered by the guidelines, and that the extent of the departure be reasonable." 931 F.2d at 32 n. 2.