The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Rubenstein, 971 F.2d 288 (9th Cir. 1992):
Federal courts have a "virtually unflagging obligation" to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon them by the coordinate branches of government and duly invoked by litigants. Colorado River Water Conservation Dist. v. United States, 424 U.S. 800, 817, 96 S.Ct. 1236, 1246, 47 L.Ed.2d 483 (1976); Tucker v. First Md. Sav. & Loan, Inc., 942 F.2d 1401, 1407 (9th Cir.1991). Thus, even when a concurrent
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