California, United States of America
The following excerpt is from People v. Vega-Sanchez, E059175 (Cal. App. 2014):
Whether section 654 applies is generally a question of fact. (Perez, supra, 23 Cal.3d at p. 552, fn. 5.) A trial court's finding (even if implied) that a defendant harbored a separate intent and objective for each offense will be upheld on appeal if supported by substantial evidence. (People v. Osband (1996) 13 Cal.4th 622, 730-731.)
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