The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Alvarez, 996 F.2d 1228 (9th Cir. 1993):
It is the general rule that an indictment " 'need not negative the matter of an exception made by a proviso or other distinct clause....' " United States v. Hester, 719 F.2d 1041, 1042 (9th Cir.1983) (citation omitted).
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