The following excerpt is from Williams v. Sanduval, Case No.: 1:13-cv-01015-LJO-SAB (PC) (E.D. Cal. 2014):
(9th Cir. 1979). In other words, "[u]nder 1983 a supervisor is only liable for his own acts. Where the constitutional violations were largely committed by subordinates the supervisor is liable only if he participated in or directed the violations." Humphries v. County of Los Angeles, 554 F.2d 1170, 1202 (9th Cir. 2009).
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