Does a search of a vehicle by a plainclothes police officer during a search for drugs in which neither defendant nor the female passenger were under arrest?

1 Since neither defendant nor the female passenger were under arrest at the time defendant's vehicle was searched, the seizure cannot be justified under New York v. Belton (1981) 453 U.S. 454, 101 S.Ct. 2860, 69 L.Ed.2d 768, which holds "that when a policeman has made a lawful custodial arrest of the occupant of an automobile, he may, as a contemporaneous incident of that arrest, search the passenger compartment of that automobile." (453 U.S. at p. 466, 101 S.Ct. at p. 2867, 69 L.Ed.2d at p. 779.)