The following excerpt is from U.S. v. Dozier, 844 F.2d 701 (9th Cir. 1988):
A magistrate's determination of probable cause is not reversed unless it is clearly erroneous. McQuisten, 795 F.2d at 861. A district court's probable cause determination in a case with a redacted affidavit is reviewed de novo. United States v. Grandstaff, 813 F.2d 1353, 1355 (9th Cir.1987).
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