The following excerpt is from Grooms v. Keeney, 826 F.2d 883 (9th Cir. 1987):
A federal court must conduct an independent review of the voluntariness of a confession. Miller v. Fenton, 106 S.Ct. at 451. In this case the magistrate reviewed the trial transcript and transcription of the tape of the interrogation and concluded Grooms made a voluntary, intelligent and knowing waiver of his rights. We agree.
Oregon Aggravated Murder Statute
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