What is the test for success in a civil action brought by a plaintiff against two police officers who used excessive force against her?

Ontario, Canada


The following excerpt is from Trupei v. City of Toronto Inc., 2013 ONSC 2963 (CanLII):

In order to succeed the plaintiff must establish that the defendants (particularly in this case the officers) engaged in a deliberate and unlawful act in their conduct as public officers and that they were aware that their conduct was unlawful and likely to harm the plaintiff: Odhauji v. Woodhouse [2003] S.C.R. 263.

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