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Alexi provides high-quality answers to complex legal questions in memo format for lawyers. Below you can see a collection of sample excerpts from just some of the thousands of research memos we produce.


What is the test for establishing a reporter's transcript on appeal?


California, United States of America

Does caveat emptor apply in cases of fraud?


British Columbia, Canada

What is constructive fraud and what is the definition of constructive fraud?


"New York", United States of America

What is appellant's position on the credibility of the testimony of two police officers?


California, United States of America

What is the duty of a defendant to request an instruction that relates the evidence of his intoxication to an element of the crime?


California, United States of America

Can a defendant be impeached for possessing marijuana in prison for a second time?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for an allegation that an appellant colluded to fix prices under the Sherman Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective assistance of counsel?


California, United States of America

What is the current standard for disclosure of confidential police files?


California, United States of America

What common ground does the Supreme Court have with other federal courts on religious freedom?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the Attorney General have any responsibility for the improper peremptory challenge?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a sexual assault claim involving both direct and circumstantial evidence?


California, United States of America

What is the test for hearing an application for pre-certification?


British Columbia, Canada

Can a domestic agreement be set aside simply because one of the parties now regrets having signed it?


Ontario, Canada

Can issue estoppel prevent parties from re-litigating issues previously decided in another court proceeding?


Ontario, Canada

What are the costs of a motion for summary judgment?


British Columbia, Canada

Is the consent of an individual who applies for public benefits entitled to privacy protection?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for alleging a violation of the 14th amendment by the US Department of Justice?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is a constructive trust that had served its purpose and was no longer necessary an equitable remedy?


Ontario, Canada

What is the extent of annexation of a building by a neighbouring town to a neighbouring community?


Saskatchewan, Canada

What is the test for relevant evidence in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What are the "best interest factors" in a child protection application?


Ontario, Canada

Does plaintiff bring himself within the provisions of subdivision (c)(1)(1) of section 946.6 of the California Code of Civil Procedure?


California, United States of America

Can a residual beneficiary deal with a piece of property and claim ownership until the will has been performed?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the consent defense in the context of burglary?


California, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the italicized phrase "choosing a choice of law" in the context of a contract?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the legal test for professional membership of a professional association?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for determining whether a defendant has been convicted of a crime of violence?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is there any prejudice caused by the delay in filing a notice of appeal?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for unanimous verdict in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for alleging inhumane conditions of confinement in a prison?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for an amended pleading in a personal injury case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is direct judicial review a legal right?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a district attorney cross-examine a defendant's testimony?


California, United States of America

Does section 820.8 of the California Highway Patrol Commissioner's liability for misconduct of a subordinate employee in a motor vehicle accident apply to him?


California, United States of America

In what circumstances have courts found that the police did not coerce a defendant into signing a confession?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a manufacturer acted reasonably in designing a product?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted the Fourth Amendment in the context of a search and seizure during a traffic stop?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a Minister have the power to issue an warrant of surrender?


British Columbia, Canada

When will a court appoint a new attorney to investigate trial attorney incompetence?


California, United States of America

What are the consequences of a spouse’s claim for reapportionment and spousal support?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a motion for exclusion order have to be dismissed?


Ontario, Canada

Can a license to practice a profession be revoked because of a criminal conviction?


California, United States of America

What factors are considered in determining whether a party is just and convenient in a case?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a child of the marriage for child support purposes?


Alberta, Canada

Can a defendant waiver a right to stand trial by jury?


California, United States of America

How is the assessment of damages when there is an intervening event or pre-existing condition?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the meaning of the language in each of the trusts?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for a motion for a new trial on the ground of newly discovered evidence?


California, United States of America

What evidence supports a finding that appellant intentionally relinquished the right to a third party in order to avoid paying alimony?


California, United States of America

What is the test for instructing a jury to draw an entirely permissive inference?


California, United States of America

Does the fact that funds might be available for retirement make a family asset?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a plaintiff to recover damages from a defendant in a medical malpractice case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for certifying a decision of the Court of Appeal?


Manitoba, Canada

How have the courts interpreted the word "include"?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant is competent to stand trial?


California, United States of America

What is the deference exercised in abuse of review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the effect of defendant's absence from the courtroom?


California, United States of America

Does a prosecutor have absolute immunity from a claim for damages arising from a conditional decision with regard to prosecution?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for "premeditation" in the context of the murder of Roberta?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a plaintiff's duty to mitigate?


British Columbia, Canada

In an appeal from an acquittal, can the reasonableness of the trial judge’s reasons be considered to be inadequate?


British Columbia, Canada

Does the federal three-strikes law apply to a defendant who is convicted of a serious violent felony?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test to screen a civil rights action brought by a prisoner against a governmental entity?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a wrongful dismissal is proportionate to the nature and seriousness of the misconduct in the context of the employment relationship?


Ontario, Canada

What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary grounds?


Alberta, Canada

When a prosecutor challenged nine prospective jurors for cause at a jury trial for the murder of a man who was found guilty of murder by reason of insanity, can they be excused for cause?


California, United States of America

What is the impact of a screening order requiring a plaintiff to amend or amend a claim?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for providing medical care to a prisoner?


California, United States of America

What are the implications of race discrimination in employment law?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there an exclusionary rule that barred impeachment with prior inconsistent statements?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a child is in the best interest of the parent?


Nova Scotia, Canada

Is an order denying a motion to amend a pleading to be appealed?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for whether a harasser knew his or her behaviour was unwelcome?


Ontario, Canada

Can a promise of lenient treatment in exchange for making a statement render the statement involuntary?


California, United States of America

What is the evidence against defendant in a civil case for misappropriation of funds?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant has considered each of the factors that determine whether they have been found liable for damages?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a prosecutor cross-examine a witness with the facts of the underlying conviction?


California, United States of America

What is the test for misconduct in a lawyer?


Ontario, Canada

Does a defendant have an incentive to plead guilty to a charge of sexual assault?


California, United States of America

What is the test for a motion for sexual assault?


Ontario, Canada

How has the California Supreme Court considered the constitutionality of the California S.S.A.B.C.L.A Code of Civil Procedure when it is raised for the first time?


California, United States of America

How have the courts considered the findings of the predecessor to the s. 211 report?


British Columbia, Canada

Is there any case law where the due diligence requirement is not satisfied by waiting for someone else to advise who the correct defendant is?


Ontario, Canada

What is the case law in favour of giving a judge a second chance?


Manitoba, Canada

Can a summary conviction judge appeal against a conviction for sexual assault be quashed?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the effect on child support when a mother's income increases?


Ontario, Canada

When a tribunal or administrative tribunal has made a determination in favor of jurisdiction over the cause, does the rule of law change?


California, United States of America

Does a judge have authority to terminate or modify a defendant's mandatory supervision term?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of the forgoing rule on a motion of general negligence?


California, United States of America

What is the test for equitable tolling of a claim under the statute of limitation period?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a stranger to the trust be deemed to have known of the trust?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the effect of a prayer for relief that includes a claim for housekeeping assistance as part of the cost of future care?


Alberta, Canada

To advise the accused of failing to supply compellable information, is a statement made out of fear, prejudice or hope of advantage?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a failure of instructions reversible?


California, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a motion seeking a preliminary injunction?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a claim of misconduct against a prosecutor for making false statements about the law during the closing argument?


California, United States of America

Is a defendant's willingness to engage in criminal activity a factor in determining whether they would be eligible to stand trial?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Can a City avoid judicial review of its incursion into County territory?


California, United States of America

What is the professional standard of medical opinion on whether a risk is material?


British Columbia, Canada

Does a federal district court have jurisdiction to challenge a final decision of a state court?


MultiRegion, United States of America

How have courts dealt with cross-actions in a medical malpractice case?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for issuing a writ of mandamus in a habeas corpus action?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What constitutes a "seizure" under the Fourth Amendment for Fourth Amendment purposes?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant's financial condition is to be considered a factor in determining punitive damages?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a question is relevant and material?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for challenging a judge's decision to grant a motion in a civil case?


California, United States of America

How have the courts interpreted jury instructions in a murder trial?


California, United States of America

What is the test for corroborating the testimony of an accomplice in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for denying a defendant a right to interview and present a witness?


California, United States of America

Is there any case law where the presumption of serious prejudice caused by inordinate and inexcusable delay was preserved under the new rules?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for a search warrant in a car?


California, United States of America

Is a striking out without leave to amend?


Canada (Federal), Canada

Is an agreement articulated in Email #4 enforceable?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for a Rule 12(b) motion?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for appealing from a judgment dismissing an action after sustaining a demurrer?


California, United States of America

What is the legal test for a search and/or seizure?


"New York", United States of America

What is the test for maximum contact?


Ontario, Canada

What are the remaining claims in this petition for review?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does a plaintiff have to be considered a "part" of the motor vehicle by opening the door of the vehicle to open the passenger?


Alberta, Canada

What are the reasons for a three month review?


Ontario, Canada

What is the effect of a stay of execution on an action in violation of section 362(d) of the bankruptcy code?


federal, United States of America

What is the tolling of the statute limitations period?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the offeror have to match the terms of an offer to settle with the orders made in a family proceeding?


British Columbia, Canada

Is a failure to give the requested instructions on voluntary manslaughter a harmless error?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether a defendant's mental state has changed?


California, United States of America

What is the test for determining whether or not an oncoming vehicle constitutes an immediate hazard?


British Columbia, Canada

What evidence does the jury need to consider when it comes to evidence of premeditation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for proportionality and reasonableness when determining the cost of a project?


Ontario, Canada

Is it improper to require a witness to invoke the Fifth Amendment privilege against selfincrimination in front of the jury?


California, United States of America

Does section 190.2 of the California Code of Civil Procedure apply to the death penalty?


California, United States of America

Does a plaintiff have to make a showing of excusable delay in making a claim for damages?


California, United States of America

What is the test for cross-examination in a criminal case?


California, United States of America

What is the test for awarding partial indemnity costs in a personal injury case?


Ontario, Canada

What is the standard of care provided by the Court of Appeal for the spouses of a plaintiff in a civil case?


British Columbia, Canada

Does the shareholder right of inspection extend to tax returns?


California, United States of America

When a police officer stopped a group of young men sitting on a stairway in a high crime area of a residential street, and found that they were smoking and depositing ash in the area, what is the effect of the stop?


California, United States of America

How has the use of female statistics been treated in the past?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the test for awarding fees under the California Civil Rights Act for discrimination in employment on the basis of religion?


California, United States of America

Can a husband who agreed to a settlement with his wife in order to avoid income tax problems after the fact discover that the agreement does not protect him against income tax issues?


Ontario, Canada

Does functus officio operate to prevent an investigator from re-opening her investigation?


Canada (Federal), Canada

What is the test for making a statement of motive for murder?


California, United States of America

Is a car allowance received by the Respondent taxable?


Manitoba, Canada

What is the test for variation of interim support orders?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for a motion of no confidence against a defendant in a civil case?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the implications of a defendant's failure to bring a motion for a hearing on a Defendant's Miranda rights claim?


California, United States of America

Is a third strike offender deemed ineligible for resentencing under Proposition 36 because he is a felon in possession of a firearm?


California, United States of America

What is the meaning of the word "distrust" in the context of a jury's consideration of witness testimony in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

Does a defendant have the burden of showing transfer appropriate?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for an impermissibly vague section of a civil rights statute?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for Section 654 of the California Civil Code for a single act or omission?


California, United States of America

In reviewing a ruling on a motion to suppress, what is the test for determining whether a search or seizure was lawful?


California, United States of America

Does the Minister of Justice have a basis to refuse surrender to surrender on the grounds that extradition to the United States is a violation of section 6(1) of the Charter of Charter Rights?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for a motion under section 2255 of the Civil Procedure Code to obtain an evidentiary hearing?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Does the exclusion of an altered pen that was intended to be used as a screwdriver violate a defendant's right to present a defense?


California, United States of America

What is the difference between trespass and trespass in the common law?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for determining whether there is a substantial conflict in the evidence?


California, United States of America

What are the implications of a Master’s decision to grant an interim order against a father?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the standard of review for attorney fees?


California, United States of America

What is the current state of the law in the context of alleged forgery and alleged perjury?


"New York", United States of America

What is the test for establishing that a judgment is presumed correct?


California, United States of America

Is a guarantee enforceable in all circumstances?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for "any reasonable trier of fact" in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

Can full indemnity costs be awarded where unsubstantiated allegations of dishonesty are made against a party?


Ontario, Canada

What is the test for ineffective assistance of trial counsel?


California, United States of America

Is battery committed with the use of a deadly weapon a crime of violence?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the burden of proof in a sexual assault case?


California, United States of America

What is sufficient to convict a defendant of knowing participation in an established conspiracy?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What are the requirements of Section 6 of the Tax Arrears Act, and what are the implications of Division 6?


Manitoba, Canada

Can a court rely on witness statements in forming their opinion?


California, United States of America

What is the onus on the parties seeking to sell a property?


British Columbia, Canada

How have courts interpreted exceptions to a general prohibition on same-sex marriage?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the standard of review for a Minister's decision whether surrender would be unjust or oppressive?


British Columbia, Canada

How have the courts treated the error of a prosecutor's interpretation of the law?


California, United States of America

What is the effect of the law of non est factum on a defendant who signs his name without looking at the facts?


British Columbia, Canada

Does qualified constitutional privilege protect First Amendment freedom to freedom of association?


California, United States of America

What is the difference between latent and latent defects?


New Brunswick, Canada

Does this information need to be disclosed under the Freedom of Information Act?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for a motion to dismiss an application brought by a defendant to release his own medical records?


British Columbia, Canada

What is the law governing lateral transfers of solicitors to a law firm acting against their client?


Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

What is the current state of California Three Strikes sentencing for a third strike offender who is convicted of possession of a firearm?


California, United States of America

Can a direct perpetrator be found guilty of murder based on implied malice?


California, United States of America

Does the question of whether a defendant knowingly and voluntarily entered into a guilty plea need to be reviewed de novo by a federal habeas court?


MultiRegion, United States of America

Is heat of passion provocation sufficient evidence to require the court to instruct on heat-of-passion provocation?


California, United States of America

What is the test for making a determination of whether there is a potential violation of the felony-murder rule?


California, United States of America

Is a plaintiff entitled to recover the entire amount of damages awarded by a jury for breach of contract or bad faith denial of contract?


California, United States of America

Can a sheriff's deputy be held liable for the killing of a man who was shot and killed by a deputy during a traffic stop?


California, United States of America

Can a plaintiff recover damages if they have not crystallized their loss?


Ontario, Canada

What is the impact of a majority opinion in a medical malpractice case that moves the majority to arbitration?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is conversion and what is the test for conversion?


MultiRegion, United States of America

On a motion for writ of habeas corpus respecting the confessions of the accused, what is the effect of the allegations against the accused on the defence?


MultiRegion, United States of America

What is the test for invalidating a misdemeanor conviction predicated upon a guilty plea?


California, United States of America

What is the test for ineffective counsel in criminal proceedings?


California, United States of America

Is unlawfully taking a vehicle a criminal offence?


California, United States of America

What are the relevant facts for a motion for occupation rent?


Ontario, Canada

Does a search warrant need to be issued before a vehicle is searched?


California, United States of America

What is the impact of the trial court's offer to appoint a public defender in place of private counsel at a hearing?


California, United States of America

What is the "value received" approach in determining the amount of damages awarded by the Court of Appeal?


Alberta, Canada

What is the test for determining whether a jury found there was a reasonable likelihood that a plaintiff made a complaint of sexual harassment or sexual harassment?


California, United States of America

Is restoration of property a defense to an embezzlement charge?


California, United States of America