The following excerpt is from Heilman v. Cherniss, No. 2:11-cv-0042-JAM-EFB P (E.D. Cal. 2013):
employee in an encounter that lasted no longer than a minute); Michenfelder v. Sumner, 860 F.2d 328, 332 (9th Cir. 1988) (search may be unreasonable in violation of the Fourth Amendment if "excessive, vindictive, harassing, or unrelated to any legitimate penological interest.").
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